The free open-source MangoHud package allows you to add a Vulkan and OpenGL overlay for monitoring FPS, temperatures, CPU/GPU load and more while gaming.
Most Linux distributions include MangoHud in their system repositories.
To install MangoHud on Debian/Ubuntu based systems, run the following command: sudo apt install mangohud
To start a game with MangoHud overlay from the terminal, use the mangohud --dlsym name-of-game command.
To make the overlay work when launching from start menu or GNOME overview/app grid, edit the config files for the app shortcuts in the start menu (.desktop files) and replace the "Exec" value with mangohud overlay's successful command.
To configure the MangoHud appearance, create a configuration file under .config/MangoHud/ or a game's own directory, or install the graphical tool goverlay by running the command: sudo apt install goverlay
The MangoHud overlay by default shows CPU and GPU utilization ratio, FPS, and frame time, but can be customized to show a range of other information.