Traditional programming involves giving a set of rules for computers to follow without learning.For simple tasks like sorting numbers or calculating bills, traditional programming works well.Machine Learning shines when rules are complex or constantly changing, like in spam email filtering.Machine Learning comes in different types, such as supervised learning, clustering, and reinforcement learning.Supervised learning involves providing input-output pairs for the machine to learn the relationship.Machine Learning types also include regression, classification, clustering, and anomaly detection.Reinforcement learning is about agents making decisions through interactions with an environment.One approach is semi-supervised learning, helpful with small labeled data and large unlabeled data.Machine Learning types like reinforcement learning are used in applications like game AI and autonomous driving.Specialized subfields of Machine Learning include NLP, computer vision, deep learning, and generative AI.