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HER2 Testing: Evolution and Update in Diagnostics
- The article discusses the evolution and advancements in HER2 testing, highlighting its crucial role as a biomarker in various solid tumors.
- From traditional techniques like western blotting to sophisticated methods such as quantitative immunofluorescence, HER2 testing has seen significant progress.
- Challenges like subjectivity in traditional methods led to the development of more quantitative approaches like fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for accurate HER2 assessment.
- Therapeutic landscape shifts with the emergence of antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) have raised the need for refined diagnostic criteria for HER2 testing.
- Quantitative methods like quantitative immunofluorescence (QIF) and RNA-based assays offer enhanced accuracy and reproducibility in HER2 testing.
- Integration of digital pathology and artificial intelligence further refines HER2 testing, minimizing errors and improving diagnostic consistency.
- HER2 testing guidelines are evolving across different cancers, emphasizing the importance of adaptability and validation of assays in diverse tissue types.
- Challenges remain in defining cutoff thresholds for HER2 expression categories and ensuring consistency in testing standards across laboratories.
- Accurate HER2 testing is crucial for guiding eligibility for HER2-targeted therapies, emphasizing the need for consensus-building among stakeholders.
- Ongoing research aims to optimize therapy choices based on precise HER2 testing to improve patient outcomes while maintaining safety and efficacy.
- Overall, the article underscores how HER2 testing advancements contribute to tailored treatment strategies, enhancing patient prognosis and quality of life in diverse cancer types.
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