Performance reviews are often used in startups/tech companies, but it's unclear why they're used or how it got started.
Performance reviews originated from military history and they were first used in World War I for identifying/punishing poor performers.
Performance reviews came to corporate America after WWII and were made popular by the Performance Rating Act (1950) and Incentive Awards Act (1954).
Performance reviews focus too much on the past, take a long time and are infrequent, making them more like backward-looking assessments.
The annual or bi-annual process is often coupled with promotion and career advancement making it daunting for participants.
A better solution could be more frequent reviews and monitoring paired with a look ahead for goal setting.
Through customized performance measurements and more regular feedback forums, companies can offer their employees more transparency and a sense of direction.
Another suggestion is to separate the timing of reviews and compensation discussions, turning the review conversation into a tool for personal/professional growth.
Simple monthly rubrics would work better for giving feedback and people should be focusing on development, not on their worldly goods.
Lastly, making reviews more project and employee lifecycle-oriented, alongside specificity for actionable insights, can also go a long way in improving the overall experience.