<ul><li>Challenges with case sensitivity and null values in JPA queries can be effectively managed by implementing best practices.</li><li>A JPA query for filtering orders based on various criteria needs to consider case-insensitivity and handling null parameters.</li><li>Use the COALESCE function in JPA queries to compare fields while handling null values gracefully.</li><li>Optimizing JPA queries involves avoiding unnecessary functions like lower() on null values and considering performance implications of query execution.</li></ul>

How to Handle Null Values and Case Sensitivity in JPA Queries

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