After identifying and containing a cyberattack, the vital aspect that follows is to learn from the experience to prevent any similar incident in the future. The incident analysis should involve the entire organization's stakeholders, including the IT and security teams, senior management, third-party vendors, etc.
Striving for maximum transparency in response is important, and specific details of the attack and response should be shared with a trusted circle in the cybersecurity field who can help others prevent similar attacks.
Post-incident analysis provides an opportunity for deeper insights into the attack. It's necessary to document the answers meticulously using factual data to build a comprehensive and detailed picture, allowing for a collective evaluation of the response steps' effectiveness.
A holistic approach enables assessing the security landscape's flaws that enabled the incident and identifying strengths and weaknesses. Human error and behavioral factors warrant special attention to identifying measures to mitigate or balance their impact on the organization.
Developing effective, realistic steps to address weaknesses within resource constraints is the most creative and organizationally challenging phase of the incident review. Several aspects should be considered in the plan: IT asset map update, detection and response technologies enhancements, processes and policies revisiting, etc.
All measures listed above will enhance cybersecurity resilience, and readiness for incidents on the organization's part. But to be sure of the result, cybersecurity exercises, penetration testing, or red teaming can validate their effectiveness.
Implementing all the improvements and updated security measures can be a lengthy, phased process, so regular meetings with all involved parties are necessary.
Exploring further security enhancements, committing to agreed-upon metrics, and milestones to track progress effectively, all play a vital role in cybersecurity resilience.