Intelligent aliens building a civilization would likely require a source of energy as abundant as fossil fuels.
Aliens may need to follow a similar path as humans in utilizing fossil fuels initially, due to the energy requirements for industrialization.
The production of alternative energy sources like solar panels also demands significant energy input, creating a dilemma.
While aliens could start by burning materials for fuel, they might eventually harness starlight or wind energy for more sustainable sources.
However, wind energy alone may not generate the high temperatures necessary for industrial processes like metalworking.
Hydropower could be a viable option if the alien planet has significant accessible liquid, which is uncommon in planets observed so far.
The presence of fossil fuels on a planet correlates with plate tectonics regulating climate and creating conditions for life to evolve and transform into fuels.
Active plate tectonics contribute to the formation of fossil fuels like coal over millions of years by creating ideal conditions for life and fuel production.
Scientists have yet to find another planet with active plate tectonics or fossil fuels, but evidence of fuel components like hydrogen and carbon exists in space.
Aliens may have access to elements like liquid hydrocarbons on moons, such as Saturn's Titan, which could potentially serve as fuel sources.