Linear integrated circuits (ICs) are an integral part of modern electronic systems that handle continuously varying signals.Analog ICs function by amplifying, filtering, or converting real-world signals to perform specific tasks.Digital ICs operate using discrete binary signals and are designed to process and store digital data.Linear ICs provide high gain, precision, and reliability in real-time signal manipulation.Operational Amplifiers, audio amplifiers and voltage references are some examples of Linear ICs.Analog ICs are commonly used in sensors, amplifiers, audio systems and power management.Digital ICs are widely used in computers, communication systems, and logic gates.Mixed-Signal ICs and Miniaturization are some of the modern advancements that push the boundaries of what ICs can achieve.Miniaturization reduces power consumption, cost, and physical size while enabling higher performance.ICs play a critical role in shaping the future of technology.