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Liver Abscess Risk After Biliary Stents in Pancreatic Cancer
- Biliary stent placement in pancreatic cancer patients carries a risk of pyogenic liver abscesses (PLA), a severe complication with high mortality rates.
- Recent retrospective research sheds light on PLA incidence, pathology, and management post-stenting, emphasizing the need for clinical vigilance.
- Biliary stents help alleviate bile duct blockage-related complications in pancreatic cancer but can predispose patients to infections like PLA.
- PLA, caused by bacterial infection in liver tissue, predominantly localizes in the right hepatic lobe following biliary stent placement.
- The incidence of PLA after stenting ranges from 4.3% to 13.5%, with mortality rates reaching up to 30%, highlighting the gravity of the condition.
- Retrograde bacterial infection, bile stasis, pH alterations, and biofilm formation on stents contribute to PLA pathogenesis in pancreatic cancer patients.
- Immunocompromise in these patients heightens vulnerability to severe infections like PLA, with gram-negative bacteria commonly involved.
- Clinical presentation of PLA includes fever, abdominal pain, and imaging plays a crucial role in diagnosis, especially CT scans.
- Treatment of PLA post-stenting involves antibiotics and percutaneous drainage procedures to control infection and prevent complications like sepsis.
- Future research aims to optimize intervention timing, enhance prevention strategies, and explore innovative stent technologies to reduce infectious risks.
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