Nanotechnology has been rooted in the conceptual thought processes of Richard Feynman, who proposed the manipulation of individual atoms and molecules as being the fundamental building blocks of matter controlled at the atomic level.
The practical foundation of the modern iteration of nanotechnology was established with the invention of tools that allow scientists to observe and manipulate atoms. These tools include the scanning tunneling microscope (STM).
In the 1990s, carbon nanotubes were discovered and became one of the most studied materials under nanotechnology, showcasing exceptional properties by way of mechanics, electricity and thermal conduction.
Throughout the 2000s, numerous advancements emerged, such as the discovery of graphene bringing an exceptional degree of strength and conductivity to the industry. Additionally, this era saw an increase in the commercialisation and practical application of nanotechnology.
The maturation of nanotechnology has brought forth concerns regarding ethics, the environment and health implications. However, this era has seen the creation of guidelines to ensure responsible and safe development of nanotechnology.
Nanotechnology continues to revolutionize a multitude of industries worldwide, with far-reaching possibilities to solve some of humanity's greatest challenges, offering solutions in areas such as healthcare, energy, and environmental sustainability.
Nanobots and molecular machines represent the potential to create intricate products atom by atom, although challenges such as ethical issues, scalability of the production process, and achieving safety standards remain.
The future of nanotechnology holds promise of creating smarter, more sustainable, and efficient systems in various sectors including the possibility of revolutionizing cancer treatment, drug delivery, and diagnostics.
The technology is rapidly evolving, with the possibility to play an even more central role in shaping the future of science, engineering, and society.
Further developments are needed to ensure that the progress in nanotechnology is guided by ethical principles and responsible practice to help create a sustainable future.