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Networking 101: Part 4
- DNS (Domain Name System) acts as the internet's phonebook, translating human-readable domain names into machine-readable IP addresses.
- DNS is crucial for scalability, flexibility, and simplifying internet usage by providing human-friendly domain names.
- DNS works through a resolution process involving DNS resolvers, root servers, TLD servers, and authoritative DNS servers.
- Routers connect different networks using IP addresses, while switches direct data within the same network using MAC addresses.
- Routers use IP addresses and routing tables for data forwarding between networks, while routers perform NAT for private-to-public IP address translation.
- Static routing involves manual configuration of specific routes, while dynamic routing automatically updates based on real-time conditions.
- NAT (Network Address Translation) conserves public IPv4 addresses by allowing multiple private devices to share a single public IP address.
- NAT enhances security, hides internal devices, and provides network flexibility by sharing public IPs among multiple private devices.
- Cloud VPCs use NAT gateways to enable private instances to access the internet securely and efficiently without direct public IPs.
- Understanding DNS, routing, NAT, static vs. dynamic routing, and NAT types like static, dynamic, and PAT are key components for efficient networking.
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