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On the definition and importance of interpretability in scientific machine learning

  • Neural networks trained on large data sets lack the simplicity of traditional scientific models, leading to a growing emphasis on interpretability in scientific machine learning.
  • Researchers in the physical sciences not only seek predictive models but also aim to understand the fundamental principles governing systems.
  • Existing definitions of interpretability in equation discovery and symbolic regression tend to equate sparsity with interpretability, which is challenged by the proposed operational definition emphasizing understanding mechanisms over mathematical sparsity.
  • A precise and philosophically informed definition of interpretability in scientific machine learning can help overcome obstacles and advance towards a data-driven scientific future.

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