A $500bn project aimed at developing new, customised AI infrastructure has been announced by OpenAI, assisted by Softbank, Oracle, Arm and Nvidia.
The aim is to create artificial general intelligence (AGI) and, ultimately, superintelligence, which would outperform humans on most economically valuable work, and solve global problems.
Supporters claim the initiative is on a par with the building of the US highway system, while critics question the need for centralised investment given the success of more nimble relational AI models.
Tesla and xAI creator Elon Musk has questioned the funding for the project, while others have queried the rationale behind the initiative and suggested that the advances being made in AI may make it redundant.
Oracle CEO Larry Ellison has said the venture could develop personalised mRNA-based vaccines and cancer treatments.
The involvement of Musk, as both a government insider and through his xAI start-up, adds further complexity to the discussion.
Some argue the investments are essential in the face of competition from China and to maintain US global dominance in technology.
Critics say the project could prove a misstep, while some believe open-source models offer a more cost-efficient alternative.
The debate between decentralised and centralised approaches to AI is polarising opinion along philosophical, strategic and, some say, geopolitical lines.
The initiative could shape the course not just of AI but global power for years to come.