<ul data-eligibleForWebStory="true">Heart failure is a global health challenge, and early detection is crucial.Abnormal heart rate during daily activities could indicate heart failure risk.Current heart rate monitoring tools rely on population averages.A novel method, PMB-NN, uses a physiological-model-based neural network for heart rate estimation.The framework is trained on oxygen uptake data from 12 participants in various physical activities.The PMB-NN model adheres to human physiological principles, achieving high accuracy.It has a median R$^2$ score of 0.8 and an RMSE of 8.3 bpm.Comparative analysis shows PMB-NN performs as well as benchmark models and outperforms traditional physiological models.The PMB-NN can identify personalized parameters and provide accurate heart rate estimations.The framework allows for personalized and real-time cardiac monitoring during daily physical activities.