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Protractor Testing: A Brief History and Its Relevance Today
- Protractor was a test framework primarily for end-to-end testing in Angular and AngularJS applications but can also be used for non-Angular websites.
- As of August 2023, Protractor has reached its end-of-life, and its use is discouraged due to the evolution of JavaScript and modern testing frameworks.
- Protractor was created in 2013 by the Angular team to enhance Angular's E2E testing capabilities and address limitations in existing testing tools.
- It functioned as an open-source framework for performing E2E testing on Angular apps, integrating NodeJS, Jasmine, Selenium, and more.
- Protractor used an actual browser to simulate user behavior, enabling end-to-end testing starting at the UI level and covering all layers of an application.
- Protractor's architecture included components like WebDriverJS, Jasmine (or Mocha/Cucumber), Selenium Server, and supported browsers like Chrome and Firefox.
- End-to-end testing ensures an application's workflow functions seamlessly, simulating real user interactions across frontend, backend, and database layers.
- With the dominance of frameworks like Angular and React, E2E testing plays a vital role in validating the entire user experience in modern web applications.
- In April 2021, the Protractor team announced the plans to end its development due to advancements in JavaScript and testing frameworks, leading to its deprecation.
- Existing Protractor users are encouraged to migrate to more modern testing solutions like Testim Automate for efficient and maintainable test suites.
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