Distribution waterfalls in venture capital and private equity funds determine how returns are distributed between investors and fund managers.
In the American-style waterfall model, investors receive their capital back first after each exit, followed by fund managers who receive a share of the remaining profits known as carry.
The European-style waterfall model delays distributions until the entire fund's performance is assessed, ensuring all investors receive their capital and preferred return before fund managers receive their share.
Both waterfall models have distinct advantages and reflect different approaches to sharing returns, with the American model offering quicker rewards and the European model emphasizing alignment and long-term performance.