<ul><li>Quadratic neural networks (QCNN) have shown promise in handling noise and data imbalances.</li><li>Quadratic networks possess advantages in efficiency and feature representation compared to conventional neural networks.</li><li>Previous studies have successfully incorporated quadratic neural networks in bearing fault diagnosis, demonstrating superior performance under challenging conditions.</li><li>A dedicated strategy for initializing quadratic networks has been developed to improve stability and avoid gradient explosion during training.</li></ul>

Quadratic Neural Networks Show Promise in Handling Noise and Data Imbalances

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