Water droplets filled with nanoparticles leave behind deposits as they evaporate.
Particles in the evaporating droplet tend to gather at the drop's edge, similar to a coffee ring effect.
The solid deposit formed from the evaporating droplet covers the entire area and is shot through with cracks.
Cracking models developed in this research could have applications in analyzing old paintings, where cracks could reveal insights about the artist's techniques and the artwork's condition.