JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a lightweight, text-based format for storing and exchanging data. It is easy for humans to read and write and easy for machines to parse and generate.
JSON originated from JavaScript but is language-independent. It is widely used in web development, APIs, configuration files, and data storage.
CSV (Comma-Separated Values) is a plain text format for storing tabular data, similar to a spreadsheet or database table. It uses commas to separate data but can also use other delimiters like ;, |, or tab.
XML (eXtensible Markup Language) is a text-based markup language created by the W3C for storing, structuring, and transporting data. It is similar to HTML but focuses on data rather than display.