CAC (Customer Acquisition Cost) is calculated by dividing the total marketing and sales expenses by the number of new customers acquired.The goal is to have a low CAC without compromising lead quality or customer satisfaction.LTV (Customer Lifetime Value) is calculated by multiplying the average revenue per customer by the customer lifetime.Aim for a good LTV to CAC ratio of 3:1 to ensure a sustainable business model.MRR (Monthly Recurring Revenue) is calculated by multiplying the number of customers by the average revenue per user.Early-stage startups should focus on steady month-over-month MRR growth as an indication of business model traction.