<ul><li>Understanding the performance of heavily cycled Li-ion batteries is important for electric vehicles and grid storage.</li><li>Spatially resolved synchrotron x-ray diffraction and computed tomography are used to map and characterize the behavior of cycled cells.</li><li>Analysis and modeling of complex and spatially heterogeneous degradation require a different approach.</li><li>Single-crystal cathodes demonstrate remarkable durability after 20,000 cycles, equivalent to driving an EV for 8 million km.</li></ul>

The complex and spatially heterogeneous nature of degradation in heavily cycled Li-ion cells

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