The Internet is not just the World Wide Web but a global system of interconnected computer networks.Building smart devices involves creating miniature 'internets' within them.Communication protocols are crucial for devices to exchange information effectively.Devices use communication protocols like OSI model, HTTPS, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth.Understanding communication protocol basics is essential for IoT development.The article explores the challenges faced when making devices share digital data over wires.SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) and I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit) are discussed as communication protocols.While SPI is efficient, I2C reduces wire clutter for multiple device connections.UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter) is a simple protocol for point-to-point communication.RS232 extends UART for long-distance communication using higher voltage levels.