<ul><li>Boson: Fundamental subatomic particle, includes photons (light particles), crucial for developing calutrons to create atomic bomb fuel.</li><li>Calutrons: Device invented by Earnest O. Lawrence, enriches uranium by ionizing atoms, enabling fuel production for the atomic bomb.</li><li>Fission vs. Fusion: Fission splits atom's nucleus, used in Oppenheimer's atomic bomb (plutonium or uranium). Fusion fuses atoms to create heavier atom, used in hydrogen bomb for greater power but challenging to achieve.</li><li>New Physics: Rapid evolution in 20th-century physics, crucial for Oppenheimer's work and understanding fission, fusion, and calutrons.</li></ul>

The science you should understand before seeing 'Oppenheimer'

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