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'There's no real competitor': Theoretical physicist Marika Taylor on how black holes could help us to find a theory of everything
- String theory is a mathematical framework as a candidate of a theory of everything which would combine quantum mechanics, with general theory of relativity of Albert Einstein, but these two theories contradict with each other. String theory suggests universe is made up of one-dimensional strings whose vibrations create particles observed in the universe. String theory is hoped to reduce to Einstein's theory with the new postulates and observations. Different versions of string theory exist as there are different ways to view the same physical phenomena. Experimental evidence for string theory is being sought by black hole observations and early universe calculations, where layers of information could be identified as quantum computers.
- String theory is seen as the ultimate step in describing the natural world around us towards providing a single theory to explain everything. This is significant, given the observations which remain inexplicable with existing theories. Some key postulates include a theory with predictable time, the fundamental postulate that every particle is a little string, and the actual behavior of strings at different excitations corresponding to different particles. Recent data on black hole mergers will help in looking for interesting new physics.
- Experiments are required to test some of the predictions of string theory, but much of the universe is well described by existing theories, making it hard to obtain experimental evidence. Therefore, information on the universe itself can be obtained through black hole observations. Studies have brought to light similarities in behavior between black holes and quantum computers. Hypothetical tests for string theory effects might be found in observations of cosmic microwave background radiation and 21 centimeter cosmology. However, scientists warn that smoke-gun evidence saying that string theory as a whole is wrong is unlikely.
- There is no competitor alternative to string theory. Although some aspects of string theory may be proven wrong, the parts that are left can still be focused on. There could be future predictions that will challenge string theory, such as dark energy, that could pave the way for the discovery of new hints. String theory remains a collection of ideas of fundamental physics that attempt to unify all the forces of nature.
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