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UNIX - Introduction
- Operating System (OS) acts as an interface between users and hardware, managing tasks like process and memory management. UNIX OS, developed in 1969, was a significant advancement for multiuser and multitasking systems.
- BSD UNIX, developed in 1977, included enhanced networking features for Local Area Networks. In 1983, the GNU project aimed to create an open-source UNIX-like OS, which, combined with Linus Torvalds' Linux kernel, led to the creation of the Linux OS.
- The kernel, central to an OS, manages hardware resources, processes, and interrupts in a protected space, facilitating software-hardware interaction.
- In UNIX, data is organized hierarchically in files and directories within the file system. Each file type (ordinary, directory, special) serves different functions.
- The shell functions as the user-kernel interface, interpreting and executing commands sent by users via the Command Line Interface (CLI). Commands with or without options alter their behaviors.
- Understanding a command's details involves exploring its man page, which provides comprehensive information, including descriptions, options, and examples.
- In UNIX, user accounts are classified as normal or admin (root) users, with associated components like username, password, UID, GID, and home directory.
- Passwords in UNIX are stored securely, with passwd command used to update passwords. Root users can change passwords without the need for the current user's password.
- Searching within man pages can be done by section number or keyword, aiding users in navigating and understanding command documentation effectively.
- This overview offers insights into UNIX fundamentals, enhancing comprehension of its structure and functionality for users navigating the UNIX environment.
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