Scientists use NASA's James Webb Space Telescope to study the atmosphere of SIMP 0136, a Jupiter-sized object drifting freely in space.
Webb's infrared instruments reveal that the object's changing brightness is caused by a mix of atmospheric factors, including cloud layers, temperature shifts, and changes in carbon chemistry.
SIMP 0136 has patchy clouds at different heights, hot spots at high altitudes, and shifting carbon chemistry.
The study helps scientists understand the behavior of gas giants and prepares for future studies of exoplanets.