Configuration drift occurs when system configurations gradually deviate from their desired or documented state as a result of changes made to software or infrastructure settings without a proper change management process.
The primary causes of configuration drift are manual changes and human error, inconsistent and manual deployment processes, dependencies on external systems, differences in environments, lack of version control, and insufficient or non-existent documentation.
Configuration drift can lead to severe issues, such as security vulnerabilities, performance issues, compliance violations, increased downtime and reduced reliability, difficulty troubleshooting, and inconsistent user experience.
Tools to detect, prevent, and manage configuration drift include Version control systems, GitOps, and IaC tools, Continuous delivery tools, Infrastructure as Code (IaC) and orchestration tools, Configuration management tools, and cloud configuration drift detection tools.
Best practices to minimize configuration drift include using version control for all configurations, implementing standardized deployments and automated configuration management, regularly auditing and monitoring systems, and maintaining comprehensive documentation.
Adopting these best practices can help organizations mitigate risks associated with configuration drift, maintain consistent configurations, and prevent system instability, security vulnerabilities, downtime, and data breaches.