<ul><li>During papal elections, black smoke indicates no pope chosen, while white smoke signifies a new pope.</li><li>Black smoke results from burning heavy fuels or synthetic materials, indicating carbon presence.</li><li>In 2013, black smoke was created using potassium perchlorate, anthracene, and sulfur.</li><li>White smoke signals a fire generating gas or water vapor, accelerating combustion through oxidizers.</li><li>Previous conclaves used potassium chlorate, lactose, and chloroform resin for white smoke.</li><li>Firefighters analyze smoke color, velocity, and intensity to assess fire behavior and make informed decisions.</li><li>Smoke's anger can indicate imminent flashovers, helping firefighters avoid dangerous situations.</li><li>Smoke inhalation is a major cause of injury and death in fires due to aerosols, gases, and particulates.</li><li>Viewers should watch for smoke signals from the Sistine Chapel chimney post prayers, discussions, and vote counting.</li><li>Scheduled times to observe smoke emission during the conclave include 7 p.m., 10:30 a.m., noon, 5:30 p.m., and post 7 p.m.</li></ul>

What makes smoke black versus white?

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