The deadliest part of a supernova explosion is the X-rays and cosmic rays.
Regarding the shock wave from the explosion itself, being close enough to a supernova to be worried about it would mean being close enough to the pre-supernova star to get a lethal dose of radiation.
Visible light produced by a supernova is not a factor, as it never accounts for more than 1% of the energy output.
Neutrinos, the ghostly particles that hardly ever interact with matter, are not a problem at interstellar distances.