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Neural Networks News
Medium
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Tracing Historical Political Leaning in Newspapers with GNNs
- The political leanings of newspapers across the United States have long been a focus of social science research.
- Researchers sought answers to questions about change of newswire activity across article topics and decades, and how it relates to polarization of that topic in the United States.
- Dataset from Harvard Professor Melissa Dell’s lab on newspaper articles from 1878 to 1977 was explored to answer these questions.
- Graph Neural Network (GNN) architectures were used to generate rich embeddings that can capture newspaper similarity.
- Models were trained and compared to predict political ideology based on input features (metadata and node embeddings).
- Results showed that the heterogeneous SAGEConv model had the highest test performance compared to the other models.
- The models' representative node embeddings were then analyzed to group similar outlets together and identify relationships between them.
- Future analysis should incorporate additional features, such as income and demographic data for more accurate GNN model building.
- Overall, the study revealed that graph embeddings may not provide a distinct advantage over metadata itself.
- Future work should explore dynamic graph neural networks that explicitly model temporal dependencies.
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Medium
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Four Things You Should Know About Deep Learning, Alzheimer’s, and Electroencephalography (EEG)…
- Deep learning involves training artificial neural networks to recognize patterns and make predictions, holding significant potential in detecting early signs of cognitive decline.
- Combining EEG technology with deep learning empowers researchers to develop precise diagnostic tools for Alzheimer's, positioning the US as a leader in healthcare.
- Early Alzheimer's detection through deep learning and EEG offers benefits like reduced healthcare costs and improved quality of life for Americans.
- Deep learning models trained on EEG data enhance diagnostic accuracy and enable personalized treatment plans, advancing patient care standards globally.
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Medium
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Understanding Neural Networks: How They Mimic the Human Brain
- A neural network is a type of artificial intelligence (AI) inspired by the human brain.
- Neural networks consist of interconnected nodes that process data and make predictions based on what they've learned.
- They are used in various industries and have transformed how machines learn and interact with the world.
- By mimicking the brain, neural networks bridge the gap between humans and machines, opening up endless possibilities in fields like healthcare and entertainment.
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Medium
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Harnessing the Power of Artificial Neural Networks: Theory, Architecture, and Implementation from…
- Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) consist of neurons that receive inputs, apply weights to them, compute a weighted sum, add a bias term, and then pass the result through an activation function to produce an output.
- During training, weights are updated to minimize errors in predictions and biases allow models to fit data better, providing flexibility in adjusting outputs independently of inputs.
- Forward propagation is the process that ANNs use where input data flows through the network to produce an output and this process repeats for each layer until the output layer is reached.
- Backpropagation updates weights by calculating gradients based on the errors provided by the loss function, using the weights connecting to the next layer and the derivative of the activation function.
- In order to train the network, mini-batch gradient descent can be used, which efficiently processes the data in batches, running forward and backward propagation on each batch and then prints the mean squared error loss every 100 epochs.
- To interpret the performance and behavior of this neural network, the paper presents several visualizations, which can be used to see the impact of each factor or which are the most critical on a student’s success score.
- Different activation functions can also yield better results depending on the characteristics of input data, and adding more layers can increase model capacity but may lead to overfitting.
- Through hands-on experimentation such as the example of predicting the success scores, it is clear that ANNs can be applied to solve real-world problems.
- ANNs will only become more sophisticated and the potential for this technology to drive innovation across industries remains limitless.
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Minis
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Elon Musk thought Parag Agrawal was not the 'fire-breathing dragon' the platform needed
- Elon Musk and then-Twitter CEO Parag Agrawal got dinner together in March 2022.
- Musk came away from the meeting describing Agrawal as a nice guy, but not the"fire-breathing dragon" Twitter needed.
- That's according to an excerpt published in The Wall Street Journal from Walter Isaacson's forthcoming biography of Musk.
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Minis
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If we use Elon Musk's Neuralink, we'll be Avengers: Enam Holdings exec
- Enam Holdings Director, Manish Chokhani, believes that integrating Neuralink into our spinal cords, as proposed by Elon Musk, could lead us to possess abilities akin to the Avengers, making us superhuman.
- Chokhani sees AI as the ultimate frontier in human evolution, suggesting that as we continue to enhance our abilities, we are progressively moving towards becoming more superhuman.
- Chokhani highlights the potential of robotics, sensors, and computing power to replicate and enhance our limbs, effectively extending our nervous system and augmenting human capabilities.
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Minis
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Science competes with Neuralink with launch of new platform for accelerating medical device development
- Science Foundry, a new platform by Science, offers access to over 80 tools to help companies develop medical devices more easily.
- The cost of developing medical devices can be prohibitive for startups, but Science Foundry aims to reduce barriers to innovation.
- Science is part of the growing brain-computer interface industry and is working on a visual prosthesis called the Science Eye to restore visual input to patients with serious blindness.
- It aims to support other neurotechnology, medical technology, and quantum computing startups at a cost comparable to academic facilities but with added benefits.
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Minis
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Wall Street bets millions on new class of psychedelic drugs
- Wall Street investors are investing tens of millions of dollars in psychedelic drugs that could treat mental illness for a fraction of the cost of traditional therapy.
- Transcend Therapeutics, Gilgamesh Pharmaceuticals, and Lusaris Therapeutics have raised over $100 million since November to develop drugs for treating PTSD and depression.
- The companies' focus on more cost-effective psychedelic therapy coincides with a selloff in biotech stocks last year that dampened enthusiasm for hallucinogens' commercial potential.
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Minis
2y
808
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Bezos and Gates-funded brain implant startup tests mind-controlled computing on humans
- Synchron is one of several companies working on brain-computer interface technology.
- The system developed by Synchron is implanted through blood vessels and enables patients to control technology with their thoughts.
- Synchron CEO Tom Oxley has stated that the technology helps patients engage in activities that they may have previously been unable to do.
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Minis
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Man in US developed 'uncontrollable' Irish accent after cancer diagnosis
- A man in North Carolina developed an uncontrollable Irish accent after being diagnosed with prostate cancer.
- The man had never visited Ireland and had no immediate family from there.
- The case was jointly studied and reported by Duke University and Carolina Urologic Research Center.
- FAS is a rare condition that occurs due to a neurological disorder, brain injury, or psychological disorder.
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Minis
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580
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New brain chips may bend your mind in strange & troubling ways: Study
- Neuralink, a neurotech startup founded by Elon Musk, is working on implanting its skull-embedded brain chip in humans.
- Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are being developed to facilitate direct communication between human brains and external computers for medical use cases such as helping paralyzed people communicate.
- BCIs are still in their infancy, and there are ethical concerns and potential negative effects to consider, such as dependency on the devices and changes to the sense of self.
- BCIs have surpassed their early sci-fi depictions and are attracting significant private and military funding for medical and non-medical uses.
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Minis
2y
469
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Musk's Neuralink may have illegally transported pathogens, animal advocates say
- The Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine (PCRM) has announced its intention to request a government investigation into Neuralink, a brain-implant firm owned by Elon Musk.
- The group claims to have evidence suggesting that the removal of brain implants from monkeys, which may have carried infectious diseases, was conducted unsafely.
- PCRM alleges that these incidents occurred in 2019.
- The animal welfare group is calling for the government to investigate these claims and ensure that proper safety protocols are in place to protect both animals and human health.
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Minis
2y
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Brain implant communication sets new record of 62 words per minute
- Researchers at Stanford University claim a new record for communicating thoughts to words through brain implant.
- A 67-year-old woman with ALS was able to communicate at a rate of 62 words per minute through the implant, 3.4 times faster than previous record.
- The study was conducted at Stanford University in the US.
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