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Arxiv
2d
179
Image Credit: Arxiv
A Comparison of Parametric Dynamic Mode Decomposition Algorithms for Thermal-Hydraulics Applications
- This work compares different parametric Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) algorithms for thermal-hydraulics applications.
- DMD is an equation-free technique used to learn linear models from time series datasets.
- The standard DMD formulation cannot handle parametric time series, requiring different linear models for each parameter realization.
- The study explores three different thermal-hydraulics problems to assess the advantages and shortcomings of the deployed algorithms.
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Arxiv
2d
316
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MB-ORES: A Multi-Branch Object Reasoner for Visual Grounding in Remote Sensing
- A unified framework, MB-ORES, has been proposed to integrate object detection (OD) and visual grounding (VG) for remote sensing (RS) imagery.
- MB-ORES fine-tunes an open-set object detector, using referring expression data, to support OD and establish a prior for VG task in remote sensing.
- The model has a multi-branch network that generates task-aware proposals by integrating spatial, visual, and categorical features, and an object reasoning network that assigns probabilities to proposals for final referring object localization.
- MB-ORES demonstrates superior performance on OPT-RSVG and DIOR-RSVG datasets, outperforming existing methods while maintaining classical OD capabilities.
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Arxiv
2d
132
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GPU-centric Communication Schemes for HPC and ML Applications
- Compute nodes on modern heterogeneous supercomputing systems consist of CPUs, GPUs, and high-speed network interconnects.
- Parallelization is a technique used for scalable simulation and deep learning workloads on these systems.
- Communication bottlenecks from distributed execution of parallel workloads can impact performance.
- This survey explores GPU-centric communication schemes that move control path from CPU to GPU.
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Arxiv
2d
230
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Enhancing Image Resolution of Solar Magnetograms: A Latent Diffusion Model Approach
- The study focuses on enhancing the resolution of solar magnetograms taken by the Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI).
- A novel diffusion model approach called Latent Diffusion Model (LDM) is used to super-resolve the MDI magnetograms.
- The resolution of MDI observations is enhanced from 2"/pixel to 0.5"/pixel to match the higher-resolution capabilities of the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI).
- Reconstructed images are evaluated using classical metrics and physical properties are examined to ensure preservation.
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Arxiv
2d
234
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Learning Velocity and Acceleration: Self-Supervised Motion Consistency for Pedestrian Trajectory Prediction
- Understanding human motion is crucial for accurate pedestrian trajectory prediction.
- This work proposes a self-supervised pedestrian trajectory prediction framework that explicitly models position, velocity, and acceleration.
- The model leverages velocity and acceleration information to enhance position prediction through feature injection and a self-supervised motion consistency mechanism.
- Experiments on the ETH-UCY and Stanford Drone datasets show that the proposed method achieves state-of-the-art performance.
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Arxiv
2d
101
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Fair Dynamic Spectrum Access via Fully Decentralized Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
- Decentralized wireless network with several source-destination pairs sharing limited frequency bands.
- Sources adapt band selection strategy without information sharing.
- Proposed Fair Share RL (FSRL) solution achieves fairness without coordination.
- FSRL can be up to 89.0% fairer compared to baseline RL algorithm.
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Arxiv
2d
7
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Solving the Best Subset Selection Problem via Suboptimal Algorithms
- Best subset selection in linear regression is a nonconvex problem that is challenging to solve.
- Finding the global optimal solution via an exact optimization method may be impractical for high-dimensional problems.
- This study introduces a new suboptimal procedure for best subset selection in linear regression.
- Comparative experiments with synthetic and real data show the competitive performance of the new algorithm.
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Arxiv
2d
281
Image Credit: Arxiv
Contextual Preference Collaborative Measure Framework Based on Belief System
- This article introduces a preference collaborative measure framework based on an updated belief system.
- The framework aims to reduce human intervention and improve the accuracy and efficiency of preference measures.
- It proposes algorithms to discover common preferences, update the belief system, and classify preference rules.
- Experimental results show that the proposed algorithms outperform state-of-the-art algorithms in most aspects.
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Arxiv
2d
348
Image Credit: Arxiv
Sim-and-Real Co-Training: A Simple Recipe for Vision-Based Robotic Manipulation
- Large real-world robot datasets hold potential to train generalist robot models.
- Co-training policy on a mixture of simulation and real-world datasets improves performance.
- Simulation data can enhance real-world task performance by an average of 38%.
- Research presents a simple recipe for utilizing simulation data for vision-based robotic manipulation.
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Arxiv
2d
78
Image Credit: Arxiv
Policy Gradient for LQR with Domain Randomization
- Domain randomization (DR) enables sim-to-real transfer by training controllers on a distribution of simulated environments.
- Simple policy gradient (PG) methods are often used to solve DR, but the theoretical guarantees are limited.
- A convergence analysis of PG methods for domain-randomized linear quadratic regulation (LQR) is provided in this study.
- The study shows that PG converges globally under suitable bounds on the heterogeneity of sampled systems, and proposes a discount-factor annealing algorithm.
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Arxiv
2d
97
Image Credit: Arxiv
Exploring the Effect of Reinforcement Learning on Video Understanding: Insights from SEED-Bench-R1
- Recent advancements in Chain of Thought (COT) generation have improved the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs).
- SEED-Bench-R1 is a benchmark designed to evaluate post-training methods for Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) in video understanding.
- Reinforcement Learning (RL) shows data efficiency and superior performance on both in-distribution and out-of-distribution tasks compared to supervised fine-tuning (SFT).
- However, RL often produces less logically coherent reasoning chains and has limitations such as inconsistent reasoning and overlooked visual cues.
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Arxiv
2d
226
Image Credit: Arxiv
RIG: Synergizing Reasoning and Imagination in End-to-End Generalist Policy
- RIG (Reasoning and Imagination in Generalist Policy) is a new approach that combines reasoning and imagination in an end-to-end agent.
- RIG utilizes a data pipeline to integrate and enrich the content of imagination and reasoning in agent trajectories.
- The joint learning of reasoning and next image generation in RIG leads to significant sample efficiency improvements and generalization.
- The synergy of reasoning and imagination in RIG enhances the robustness, generalization, interoperability, and overall performance of the agent.
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Arxiv
2d
62
Image Credit: Arxiv
I Know Therefore I Score: Label-Free Crafting of Scoring Functions using Constraints Based on Domain Expertise
- Researchers propose a label-free approach to crafting scoring functions using domain expertise constraints.
- The approach incorporates insights and business rules from domain experts as easily observable and specifiable constraints.
- The constraints are used as weak supervision by a machine learning model to learn the scoring function.
- The approach is tested on synthetic and real-life datasets, comparing it to supervised learning models.
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Arxiv
2d
43
Image Credit: Arxiv
Reachable Polyhedral Marching (RPM): An Exact Analysis Tool for Deep-Learned Control Systems
- Neural networks used in robotics require analysis of learned behaviors and their impact on closed-loop performance.
- Researchers have developed the Reachable Polyhedral Marching (RPM) algorithm for analyzing neural networks that implement piecewise-affine functions.
- The algorithm enables the computation of control invariant sets and regions of attraction (ROAs) for feedforward neural networks with ReLU activation.
- The approach showcases the ability to find non-convex control invariant sets and ROAs, as demonstrated in examples with learned oscillator and pendulum models.
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Arxiv
2d
152
Image Credit: Arxiv
Dark patterns in e-commerce: a dataset and its baseline evaluations
- Dark patterns are user interface designs in online services that induce users to take unintended actions.
- A dataset for dark pattern detection has been constructed, consisting of 1,818 dark pattern texts from shopping sites.
- State-of-the-art machine learning methods like BERT, RoBERTa, ALBERT, and XLNet have been applied to demonstrate automatic detection accuracy as baselines.
- RoBERTa achieved the highest accuracy of 0.975 in the 5-fold cross-validation.
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