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Leet Code 101: How to Solve the “Final Price With a Special Discount” Problem

  • The problem is about finding the discount on each candy by comparing it with the next candy with an equal or lower price.
  • A brute force solution is explained where each index is looped through to find a candy with a lower or equal price.
  • An alternative approach using a monotonic stack is recommended to find the next greater element for each candy.
  • The implementation of the monotonic stack approach is provided, which achieves a faster runtime.

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Simplifying State Management with Redux Toolkit: A Complete Guide

  • Redux Toolkit is a powerful library designed to simplify Redux development by combining multiple Redux utilities into a cohesive solution.
  • Installing Redux Toolkit is straightforward using the npm install command.
  • Redux Toolkit simplifies store configuration by automatically setting up Redux DevTools and middleware like Thunk.
  • Slices, one of Redux Toolkit's powerful features, encapsulate actions and reducers for a specific part of the state.
  • Selectors efficiently extract data from the Redux store, enhancing performance.
  • Redux Toolkit revolutionizes Redux state management, reducing boilerplate and complexity while improving productivity.

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MyTask ToDo CLI Tool...

  • MyTask is a lightweight task management application designed for developers who prefer working in a terminal environment
  • The tool is built with Go, it combines the simplicity of command-line interfaces with powerful task management features
  • MyTask stands out by embracing Unix philosophy: do one thing and do it well
  • It has several key features like being minimal and fast, terminal-first, cross-platform, customizable among others
  • The project structure is organized into folders and files based on its functionality
  • It has four functionalities like Add Task, Delete Task, List Task and Update Task
  • Add task allows to add to-do task, Delete task to delete a task, List Task for displaying list of tasks and Update for updating an existing task
  • It utilizes the flag package to handle command-line arguments and interacts with the todo package to manage data
  • The project installation and usage detail can be found in README.md
  • It is an efficient tool which stores tasks in plain text files and can easily sync across devices

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SwiftUI: Creating a Smooth Button Scale Animation on Tap

  • This article explains how to create a smooth button scale animation on tap using SwiftUI.
  • Two methods are discussed, one using a custom view model and the other using a button style.
  • The custom view model approach allows the parent view to handle the changes in button state and trigger the animation.
  • The button style approach provides a simpler implementation but may result in less smooth animation and occasional lack of animation trigger.

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Implementing Pagination in Express.js with MySQL

  • Pagination is a technique used to break large datasets into manageable chunks.
  • Similar to organizing books in a library, pagination allows users to browse through data page by page.
  • Implementing pagination in an API helps to prevent data overload for users.
  • By implementing pagination, users can access data one page at a time, improving user experience.

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Getting Started with Playwright: A Step-by-Step Guide

  • Playwright is a powerful, reliable, and fast end-to-end testing framework developed by Microsoft.
  • Why Choose Playwright? Cross-Browser Support, Language Flexibility, Powerful Features, Parallel Execution, Auto-Waiting.
  • Prerequisites: Node.js installed, a code editor, basic knowledge of JavaScript/TypeScript.
  • Steps: 1) Install Playwright, 2) Explore Folder Structure, 3) Configuration Basics, 4) Writing First Test, 5) Run Tests, 6) Debugging Tests, 7) Advanced Features.

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12 Projects In 12 Months Challenge

  • The challenge of starting 12 projects in 12 months is beneficial for engineers to keep learning and stay fresh in the industry.
  • Working on the same project for a long time can lead to stagnation and lack of new knowledge.
  • Starting new projects helps engineers learn new skills, improve problem-solving abilities, and enhance adaptability.
  • By documenting the projects and reflecting on the learnings, engineers can build a diverse portfolio and enhance their career prospects.

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GenAIScript - Comment Code with AI

  • Documenting code is a necessity, and AI LLM models simplify the task of commenting while coding.
  • GenAIScript is an open-source scripting environment that streamlines tasks for AI analysis by automating complex processes within a cohesive scripting framework. It facilitates ingestion of diverse document formats and supports the generation of structured outputs.
  • A batch processing approach is implemented using an AI-powered Command-Line Interface (CLI) that runs on the code-base and uses primarily local LLM models.
  • The author used the RAG approach with Abstract Syntax Tree (AST) as a way to reduce context on which LLM has to reason, provide hierarchical views of code's syntax and abstracting away irrelevant details, to divide a source code file into meaningful pieces.
  • Tree-Sitter, an AST tool with an incremental parsing library that can build a concrete syntax tree for a source file, was used by the author to implement the Commenter CLI that generates high-quality comments for existing code within a codebase.
  • The Commenter CLI is composed of the following steps – loading each source file, submitting its content to the AST parser, which extracts code chunks, invoking LLM model, which reviews implementation and produces a comment based on the chunk, Comment + Chunk is provided back to the AST parser to verify that LLM has produced is valid code for given language, and finally joining all chunks and related comments.
  • The Commenter CLI method saves time and improves the overall quality of documentation, making the codebase easier for developers to understand and work with.
  • The qwen2.5-coder:7b model worked well for code commenting tasks, which the author used for the first release of the tool available on the Github project.
  • Overall, the Commenter tool makes it easier for developers to improve the readability and understandability of their code.
  • Article originally published on https://bsorrentino.github.io on December 20, 2024.

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“Top Selenium Interview Questions and Answers to Ace Your Next Job Interview”

  • Selenium is a widely used automation tool. It is a suite of tools that helps to automate web browsers. The core of Selenium is Selenium WebDriver, which drives the browser directly.
  • Selenium IDE records the user actions on the web browser and exports them as a reusable script. It was developed to speed up the creation of automation scripts.
  • Selenium Remote Control (RC) server allows users to write application tests in various programming languages. Unlike RC, WebDriver does not require an additional server and interacts natively with browser applications.
  • Selenium Grid was designed to distribute commands to different machines simultaneously. It allows the parallel execution of tests on different browsers and operating systems.
  • Functional Testing involves the verification of every function of the application with the required specification. Regression Testing is a full or partial selection of already executed test cases that are re-executed to ensure existing functionalities work fine.
  • Selenium offers various locators to locate web elements, including link, partial link, name, tagname, classname, xpath, and CSS selector locators.
  • There are three types of waits in Selenium- Implicit, Explicit, and Fluent. Each of them waits for a different condition before proceeding with the code.
  • Methods like refresh(), navigate().forward(), and navigate().back() can be used to refresh the page and navigate through the website.
  • driver.close() method closes the browser’s current window, while driver.quit() method closes all open browser windows.
  • JavaScriptExecutor can be used to perform functionalities like scrolling down to the desired location,entering text into a textbox, maximizing or setting the window size.
  • The objects of the Select type can be initialized and used to perform operations like selecting an option that displays text matching the given argument.

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STON.fi Now Integrated with Tobi: A New Era for AI-Driven Crypto Trading

  • STON.fi has been integrated with Tobi, enabling seamless token swaps on the TON Blockchain.
  • The integration brings faster and more efficient token swaps, enhanced AI-powered trading solutions, and a secure, decentralized wallet experience.
  • Users can interact with Tobi on Telegram to discover these innovative features.
  • STON.fi SDK can be utilized by TON projects to enhance their blockchain capabilities.

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Building a File Upload App with TypeScript, React, and Auto-Drive API

  • A simple app for uploading files to a Distributed Storage Network (DSN) using Autonomy's Auto-Drive API leveraging RadzionKit repository has been created.
  • The app will consist of a single page with an API key entry and file management views.
  • API key is stored with the AutoDriveApiKeyGuard component which will allow to validate the API key dynamically.
  • Local storage is used to store API key.
  • The UploadFile component handles the upload process showing spinner while the file is being uploaded and displays an error message if the upload fails.
  • Uploading files is straightforward with the Auto-Drive SDK.
  • PaginatedView and useInfiniteQuery are used to handle pagination for querying the API.
  • UseCurrentFileProvider is used to provide the current file to its children.
  • The ManageFile component displays the file name or CID and includes buttons for downloading and deleting the file.
  • Deleting a file calls the Auto-Drive SDK’s markObjectAsDeleted function with the file’s CID, and we invalidate the list of files to refresh.

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The Evolution of Programming: From Manual Craft to Intelligent Design

  • In the early days, programming involved creating detailed algorithms and following explicit rules using languages like C, Java, and Python.
  • With the advent of machine learning, programming shifted towards teaching machines using examples and patterns rather than explicit instructions.
  • Today, programming is a collaborative effort between humans and machines, with machines processing large amounts of data, adapting to new contexts, and freeing up humans for creative problem-solving.
  • Challenges in this evolution include biases in training data, the complexity of modern systems, and ethical implications, but hybrid models and new tools are emerging to address these challenges.

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A mid-career retrospective of stores for state management

  • The use of sophisticated stores can establish a view-level source of truth to organise feature-specific state, especially when an app requires different parts to access information specific to a particular function.
  • Angular’s MVC structure movements service classes that perform state passing between views; instead of sophisticated stores, observables with RxJS were used to subscribe to streams of asynchronous event data.
  • The disaster that arose from not using a state management solution led to long-winded, overly imperative ('if-abc, else if xyz, else if jkl...'), and much harder to maintain and debug code.
  • Stores that are not well-architected can act like daisy-chained information flows, leading to confusion and harder maintenance.
  • Creating a store for every app feature can lead to unnecessary complexity and coupling.
  • Using a store for state management is ideal when there is complex, domain-specific logic that needs to be updated carefully.
  • React's hooks and Context API and Vue's computed(), ref() and watch() functions offer 'lightweight' options for state management.
  • Where needed, it is wise to choose a strategy before entropy takes hold.
  • Frameworks aim to reactively update the UI when the data changes, manage side effects, and distinguish between local, shared, and global state.
  • It is easy to get to a place where no single pattern is used, and it may become unsustainable to manage state within one or two components, and this is where a store would help.

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OOP Simplified: Breaking Down the 4 Core Principles

  • A constructor is a special method used to initialize an object when it is created in object-oriented programming.
  • Inheritance is one of the key principles of object-oriented programming (OOP) which allows a class to inherit properties and methods from another class.
  • Polymorphism enables the same entity (like a method or object) to behave differently in various scenarios.
  • Method overloading takes place in the same class. It is determined during compile-time and its key feature is that it has different parameter lists.
  • Method overriding is determined during run-time and happens between parent and child classes. Its key feature is that it has the same name and parameter list.
  • There are multiple types of inheritance namely single inheritance, multilevel inheritance, and hierarchical inheritance.
  • The 'this' keyword refers to the current object of the class and 'super' keyword is used to refer to the parent class in a child class.
  • Inheritance allows you to reuse code instead of rewriting it and create a hierarchy between classes for better organization.
  • Polymorphism enables the same interface to represent different behaviors depending on the context.
  • Encapsulation and Abstraction are two more pillars of object-oriented programming and will be explained in detail in the next blog.

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JavaScript interview questions & answers with code

  • Write a function to flatten a nested JavaScript object.
  • Write a function to find duplicate values in an array.
  • Write a debounce function that limits the rate a function is called.
  • Write a recursive function to reverse a string.

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