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The Pragmatic Engineer

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Real-world engineering challenges: building Cursor

  • Cursor, an AI-powered IDE by Anysphere, has gained popularity among engineers and recently raised $900M in a Series C round, valuing the company at $9.9B.
  • Anysphere's Cursor is used by over half of the top 500 tech companies on the Fortune 500.
  • The latest major release, Cursor 1.0, includes AI code review, background agents, and memory support for past chats.
  • Cursor's tech stack includes TypeScript, Rust, Turbopuffer, Datadog, and more.
  • Engineering challenges faced by Cursor include scaling problems, cold start issues, sharding challenges, and database migration to Turbopuffer.
  • Anysphere's engineering culture involves regular releases, conservative feature flagging, dedicated infra team, and experimentation processes.
  • Cursor employs 50 engineers, processes 1M transactions per second, and generates over $500M in annual revenue.
  • Cursor uses TypeScript, Electron, Rust, and databases like Turbopuffer and Pinecone in its tech stack.
  • The autocomplete feature in Cursor uses a low-latency sync engine and encrypted context for server-side inference.
  • Cursor's chat feature works without storing code by utilizing codebase indexes and Merkle trees for efficient searches.

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Medium

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# Why I'm Excited About IHerta API: A Developer's Perspective on Simple, Powerful Integration

  • IHerta API stands out for its promise of comprehensive functionality combined with genuine simplicity.
  • The API follows a JSON-first design philosophy, with clean, predictable JSON responses and user-friendly documentation.
  • Real-world integration experience highlights seamless webhook support, effective error handling, and free usage without hidden costs.
  • IHerta API is ideal for developers building MVPs, small to medium projects, and teams valuing simplicity over complexity.

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Dev

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Android Studio: Stockholm Syndrome Disguised as an IDE

  • Android Studio is often referred to as a Stockholm Syndrome Simulator for Mobile Developers due to its challenging aspects.
  • The launch time of Android Studio is notably slow, making users wait for extended periods before it fully loads.
  • The IDE is a memory hog, requiring substantial RAM and CPU resources, especially when working with emulators.
  • The emulator in Android Studio is criticized for its slow performance and frequent failures to start.
  • Gradle, the build system used in Android Studio, is known for its complex processes and error-prone nature, often causing delays in project development.
  • The UI designer in Android Studio is critiqued for being difficult to use and sometimes causing elements to behave unexpectedly.
  • Android Studio updates are known to introduce new issues and incompatibilities, sometimes making the development experience even more challenging.
  • Autocomplete features in Android Studio can be unreliable, sometimes failing to suggest relevant code completions.
  • Debugging in Android Studio is described as sluggish and prone to connectivity issues, impacting the developer's ability to inspect variables accurately.
  • Despite its shortcomings, Android Studio remains indispensable for Android development, providing essential tools and functionalities for developers.

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Dev

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Js interview #1 : var, let, and const in JavaScript – What's the Difference?

  • JavaScript variables can be declared using var, let, or const, with differences in scope, hoisting, reassignment, and more.
  • 1. Scope: var is function-scoped, while let and const are block-scoped.
  • 2. Hoisting: var is hoisted and initialized, while let and const are hoisted but not initialized.
  • 3. Redeclaration & Reassignment: var allows both redeclaration and reassignment, let allows reassignment but not redeclaration, and const allows neither.
  • 4. Temporal Dead Zone (TDZ): Variables declared with let and const have a Temporal Dead Zone where they cannot be accessed before declaration.

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Dev

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Your Ultimate Dev Server Setup: With Tailscale, Caddy, and Docker

  • Shrijith Venkatrama is building LiveAPI, a tool for indexing API endpoints across repositories.
  • Combining Tailscale, Caddy, and Docker enables secure, scalable dev server setups.
  • Tailscale provides a secure private VPN network, Caddy offers automatic HTTPS and reverse proxying, and Docker ensures consistency.
  • Tailscale setup involves installation and configuration, creating a private mesh network for secure access.
  • Installing Docker on Ubuntu allows containerized app deployment with consistent environments.
  • Caddy simplifies serving apps with automatic HTTPS and reverse proxying, enhancing server security.
  • The integration of Tailscale, Caddy, and Docker allows seamless connection and secure access to applications.
  • Scaling with Docker Compose simplifies managing multiple apps within containers and through Caddy's reverse proxy.
  • Further securing the setup can be done with Tailscale ACLs, Caddy security measures, and Docker best practices.
  • Common troubleshooting issues include Tailscale connection failures, Caddy HTTPS failures, and Docker container crashes.

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Logrocket

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I asked ChatGPT to help me design — here’s what worked

  • Understanding the language of AI in design can set designers ahead by leveraging AI prompts effectively.
  • Crafting quality AI prompts improves workflow in tasks like generating briefs, choosing color palettes, and creating wireframes.
  • The AI prompt clarity framework involves defining role, context, task, and tone to structure prompts effectively.
  • By structuring prompts intentionally, designers can obtain high-quality output tailored to their specific needs.
  • Examples include crafting UX design briefs, writing microcopy, generating color palettes, and structuring websites.
  • Clarity and specificity in prompts are crucial to receive relevant and useful AI-generated content.
  • Defining audience, setting tone, providing context, offering examples, and refining feedback loops are best practices for writing AI prompts.
  • ChatGPT is favored for design prompts, although other tools like Claude, Gemini, Jasper AI, and Notion AI serve different functions.
  • AI tools empower designers and the framework shared (Role, Context, Task, Tone) ensures consistent and useful results.
  • Overall, AI enhances design processes when designers understand how to effectively communicate with AI tools.

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Javacodegeeks

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String Minus Operation In Java

  • Java does not support a native minus (-) operator for strings like in some scripting languages but simulations can be achieved by removing substrings or characters from other strings.
  • Common use cases for string manipulation in Java include removing specific words/characters, trimming suffixes/extensions from filenames, and deleting defined patterns.
  • Java lacks a direct - operator for strings, thus methods like replace(), replaceAll(), replaceFirst(), and substring are used for string manipulation.
  • The only supported string operator in Java is the + operator for concatenation, while methods like replace(), substring(), and replaceAll() aid in achieving 'minus' operations.
  • Various methods, including replace(), replaceAll(), substring(), and replaceFirst(), can be utilized to simulate 'minus' operations on strings in Java.
  • The Java class StringMinusOperations provides code examples for removing characters, substrings, or suffixes from strings using different methods like replace, substring, and Java Streams.
  • The code examples demonstrate removing characters like 'a', 'b', 'n', a known suffix like '.txt', and the first occurrence of a substring like 'apple'.
  • A custom solution using Java Streams is showcased to remove specific characters like 'a' and 'e' from a string, displaying an alternative functional style approach.
  • Java developers can efficiently perform 'minus' operations on strings by understanding methods like replace, replaceAll, replaceFirst, and substring, offering flexibility in string manipulation.
  • The article concludes by emphasizing the importance of mastering string manipulation techniques in Java to handle diverse challenges with clarity and precision.

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Dev

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Surviving Extreme Programming: A Developer's Wild Ride

  • Extreme Programming (XP) pushes traditional software development practices to the extreme, offering a mix of fear and excitement reminiscent of a rollercoaster ride.
  • XP enhances engineering practices to a higher level, akin to embarking on a cross-country trip with just a compass rather than detailed plans.
  • Pair programming in XP involves constant collaboration, leading to improved code quality, error reduction, and shared learning experiences.
  • Test-Driven Development (TDD) in XP involves writing tests before code, acting as a safety net that prevents issues and enhances code reliability.
  • Continuous Integration in XP involves frequent code commits to the main branch, promoting regular updates and reducing the accumulation of major changes.
  • XP emphasizes customer involvement, ensuring clear communication, direct feedback, and active participation in the development process.
  • Although XP may appear slower initially, it ultimately leads to time savings by reducing bug fixing, unwanted features, and emergency fixes.
  • Extreme Programming may be suitable for those who value rapid feedback, bug reduction, continuous learning, and focused work sessions.
  • Essential items for surviving XP include resilience, adaptability, the ability to collaborate, honesty, and a good sense of humor.
  • Despite its extreme nature, XP proves to be highly effective and beneficial, with many developers finding it hard to revert to traditional methods after experiencing its advantages.

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Medium

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I Stopped Using var Everywhere — Here’s What Happened

  • The author reflects on their experience of using 'var' in C# code blindly until a code review made them realize the importance of explicit types for readability and maintainability.
  • After the realization, the author consciously started replacing 'var' with explicit types in their codebase, leading to more readable, maintainable, and easier-to-debug code.
  • While 'var' was initially seen as a convenient feature when introduced in C# 3.0, its overuse led to code clutter and reduced visibility of types, prompting the author to reconsider its usage.
  • The transition from using 'var' everywhere to selectively choosing explicit types improved the author's coding practices without compromising productivity, emphasizing the importance of thoughtful variable declarations.

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Sdtimes

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Azul significantly cuts down on false positives in Java vulnerability detection with latest update to Azul Intelligence Cloud

  • Azul has updated its Vulnerability Detection solution to reduce false positives in Java vulnerability detection by up to 99%.
  • The update aims to flag vulnerabilities in code paths that are actively used in Java applications, preventing unnecessary alerts.
  • By curating a knowledge base mapping CVEs to runtime-used classes, Azul ensures accurate identification of vulnerable components in applications.
  • This approach helps in distinguishing between potentially vulnerable components in use and parts that are not activated, thereby minimizing wasted efforts on non-critical vulnerabilities.

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Johndcook

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Golden powers revisited

  • A post revisiting the concept of golden powers, which are nearly integers, has been published.
  • The post explains why golden powers are close to integers using equations involving the golden ratio and the smaller root of x² − x − 1 = 0.
  • The equations reveal that the integers referred to in relation to golden powers are actually Fibonacci numbers.
  • The approximation for φn as an integer is nearly the sum of the (n + 1)st and (n − 1)st Fibonacci numbers, with the error decreasing exponentially with alternating signs.

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Idownloadblog

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How to install iOS 26 and iPadOS 26 developer beta today

  • iOS 26 and iPadOS 26 were announced at Apple's WWDC conference.
  • New features include an all-new Liquid Glass interface.
  • iOS 26 drops support for iPhone XR, XS, and XS Max.
  • Prepare by backing up your device before updating.
  • To install iOS 26, register as a developer and follow simple steps in the Settings app.
  • For past beta users, update to iOS 26 by selecting it in the Beta Updates section.
  • If you don't see the Beta Updates option, register on Apple's developer website.
  • To get iPadOS 26, follow the same process as for iOS 26.
  • For device compatibility with iPadOS 26, check iPad models listed.
  • If facing installation issues, wait for updates or try the Apple Developer app.

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RealPython

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Python Continuous Integration and Deployment Using GitHub Actions

  • GitHub Actions for Python empower developers to automate workflows efficiently.
  • Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) systems are crucial for maintaining software quality and deployment streamlining.
  • GitHub Actions make CI/CD accessible, enabling automation and customization of workflows within the repository.
  • A video course covers various aspects such as using GitHub Actions, automating linting, testing, deployment, securing credentials, and automating security updates.

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Dev

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🚀 From Local Repo to GitHub – Your First Commit and Push

  • Pushing your first local project online to GitHub can be intimidating for beginners in Git and GitHub.
  • The step-by-step process involves setting up a local Git repository, connecting it to GitHub, and addressing common issues like '403 Error' and 'Email Privacy Block.'
  • To address the '403 Error,' GitHub now requires a Personal Access Token (PAT) instead of passwords for pushing over HTTPS.
  • To resolve the 'Email Privacy Block,' use GitHub's no-reply email for commits and amend the commit to update the author.

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Medium

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Preventing Null Errors In Your .NET 9 Code

  • Dealing with null errors and runtime errors can be frustrating for .NET developers.
  • With the release of .NET 9, Microsoft introduces new features to help prevent these issues.
  • Understanding the root causes of null errors and runtime errors is essential before implementing solutions.
  • Common factors leading to runtime errors include various issues, not just null reference exceptions.

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