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Internal State: Not Evil, Just Misplaced

State is unavoidable in real-world systems like backend applications, but managing it deliberately is key.
Lessons from building TypeWire show the importance of structuring, isolating, and owning state confidently.
TypeWire's evolution illustrated clear layers of state management: TypeWireContainer, ScopedResolutionContext, and ResolutionState.
Managing short-lived state is crucial to prevent ambiguity and ensure clear ownership boundaries.
Internal state should be well-abstracted to allow gradual refinement and evolution towards clarity.
Delegating state ownership to the appropriate layer minimizes mutability and centralizes behavior.
Long-lived versus contextual state should be handled distinctly to prevent scope bleed and maintain clear ownership.
Careful structuring and encapsulation help prevent context-sensitive state leakage into shared objects.
Ownership clarity is crucial for effective state management to avoid unowned state causing issues in the system.
By embracing internal state with clear boundaries and ownership, systems can effectively utilize state without sprawl or ambiguity.

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Medium

Understanding HTML and CSS Specificity (In My Own Words)..

Specificity is a concept in CSS that determines which rule takes precedence when there are conflicting styles for the same element.
CSS uses a scoring system where the more specific a selector is, the higher its score and the rule with the higher score wins.
The specificity hierarchy in CSS is: inline styles > IDs > classes/attributes > elements.
In case of a tie, the rule that appears later in the CSS file wins, and the !important declaration overrides almost every other rule.

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Dev

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How to build a carousel using Bootstrap

This article provides a detailed guide on how to build a carousel using Bootstrap.
The carousel is made up of 5 images and is set to auto-scroll every 5 seconds, implemented using JavaScript.
The structure begins with wrapping the carousel section in a 'carousel-container' div.
Bootstrap classes like 'carousel slide' are used to enable carousel functionality.
Indicators allow jumping to specific slides, and each slide contains an image and an optional caption.
Controls like 'carousel-control-prev' and 'carousel-control-next' provide navigation for the slides.
A play/pause button is included to control the carousel's pause and resume functionality.
The JavaScript code initializes the carousel with auto-scroll and provides functionality for the play/pause button.
CSS styling is used to customize the appearance of the carousel components for better visuals.
Overall, the article offers a comprehensive walkthrough for building and customizing a carousel using Bootstrap.

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Medium

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A Deep Dive Into The Mathematics Of Quantum Gates

Quantum gates are similar to logic gates in classical computers and are used to perform computations in quantum computers.
Quantum gates manipulate qubits and are represented as square unitary matrices.
The mathematics behind quantum gates involves understanding unitary matrices and their properties.
Applying a quantum gate involves matrix multiplication with the qubit it operates on.

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Medium

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Agentic AI: Comparing New Open-Source Frameworks

There are numerous open-source agentic frameworks available, including LangGraph, Agno, SmolAgents, Mastra, Pydantic AI, and Atomic Agents.
These frameworks are compared to CrewAI and AutoGen, with a focus on their functionality, design choices, and differences.
Agentic AI involves building systems around LLMs (Large Language Models) to enable accurate knowledge, data access, and the ability to act using natural language.
While natural language processing has been used for years in data extraction and processing, the new aspect is empowering LLMs with the capability to handle ambiguity and make dynamic decisions.

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Dev

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Parallel Queries in EF Core with PostgreSQL: Why It Fails and How to Fix It

Running parallel queries in EF Core with PostgreSQL can result in a 'A command is already in progress' error.
PostgreSQL doesn't support parallel query execution within the same connection, unlike SQL Server.
Options to fix this issue include using separate database contexts for the queries or running the queries sequentially.
It is important to consider the limitations of parallel query execution, as it can lead to deadlocks or timeouts.

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Dev

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Blog Draft Ai Index 2025 Analysis Report 20250415 224613

Increased Adoption: Companies are implementing AI models to optimize workflows and enhance productivity. The AI landscape is marked by a competitive race between the US and China, with varying adoption rates reflecting each country’s approach to AI regulation and innovation.
Emerging Regulations: Stricter regulations are being introduced to ensure ethical deployment and transparency in AI technologies. The AI Act establishes standards for responsible AI development, signaling the importance of anticipating legal frameworks.
Generative AI Models: Technologies like ChatGPT offer businesses novel ways to engage users through automated content generation. These models raise ethical questions concerning misuse.
Cross-Industry Partnerships: Collaborations between tech firms and governmental bodies are crucial in tackling challenges associated with AI implementation. Partnerships between universities and tech companies aim at improving AI research and development.

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Dev

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How to Use Spring's @Profile Annotation for Flexible Configurations

The @Profile annotation in Spring allows you to segregate configurations to be available only in specific environments.
You can set the profile using application.properties or by specifying it in the command line when running the application.
Profiles can be used to separate environments and set up application configurations accordingly.
Combining profiles allows you to have beans from different profiles available and set in your application.

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Medium

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Each opening is characterised by a well-defined

Pawn formation is an important factor in the development of a chess opening.
The formation of a pawn skeleton is crucial for facilitating the favorable development of pieces.
Pawn formation is more permanent compared to the pieces due to their greater mobility.
The pawn skeleton formed in the opening often withstands the middle game and end-game.

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Dev

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AugMix in PyTorch (8)

AugMix is a data augmentation technique implemented in PyTorch.
It allows random AugMix transformations to be applied to an image.
AugMix can be used with different severity, alpha, and mixture_width values.
The code examples demonstrate the application of AugMix to images using various parameters.

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Dev

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What Are Python Arrays and Why You Should Use Them to Handle Real-World Data?

Arrays in Python allow you to store multiple values in a single variable, making data management simple and structured.
One-dimensional arrays are perfect for storing lists like employee names or product prices.
2D arrays are great for organizing data in rows and columns, such as sales across different shoe models and stores.
Multi-dimensional arrays are useful for managing complex data like monthly sales reports and tracking performance over time across multiple variables.

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The Pragmatic Engineer

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Tech hiring: is this an inflection point?

Tech hiring in 2025 has become increasingly challenging, with many companies struggling to find qualified engineers due to various obstacles like fake applications created by AI tools.
Issues with full-remote hiring approaches include a flood of unqualified applicants, the use of AI tools during interviews, and the ineffectiveness of traditional evaluation methods like coding problems and take-home exercises.
Some companies are considering a return to in-person interviews to combat cheating with AI tools seen during remote interviews, despite the added costs involved.
LinkedIn job postings are criticized for attracting unqualified candidates, with recruiters highlighting the high costs associated with using the platform to reach software engineers.
Companies may increasingly adopt 'trial days' or rigorous trial periods for applicants as a way to evaluate new hires more effectively, especially amidst the challenges posed by AI tools in the recruiting process.
The use of AI assistants during interviews has made it challenging to assess candidates' true abilities, leading to a shift in hiring tactics to focus on attributes that prove candidates are human and genuinely interested.
Some companies have encountered problems with candidates using AI tools to cheat during interviews, prompting a reevaluation of hiring processes and a focus on referrals as a reliable hiring metric.
Overall, the evolution of technology in the hiring process has disrupted traditional recruitment methods and raised concerns about the effectiveness of current approaches in evaluating candidates for tech roles.
The shift towards in-person interviews and reliance on referrals reflects the industry's response to the challenges posed by AI tools and the need for more reliable hiring practices in the tech sector.
As companies navigate the complexities of tech hiring in the digital age, the emphasis on human-centered evaluation and authentic engagement with candidates emerges as a key strategy for successful recruitment.
The changing landscape of tech hiring demands a reevaluation of practices to ensure fair and effective evaluation of candidates while navigating the complexities introduced by advancements in AI tools.

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Javacodegeeks

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Sub-10ms Startup: Quarkus vs. Spring Native – The Race to Instant Java

Quarkus and Spring Native are two frameworks that use GraalVM's Ahead-of-Time (AOT) compilation to achieve sub-10ms startup in Java applications.
Quarkus is designed with GraalVM in mind and provides near-instant startup, reduced memory footprint, and first-class Kubernetes and serverless support.
Spring Native is an extension of Spring Boot that brings native compilation to the Spring ecosystem, but it has reflection-heavy defaults and slower build times compared to Quarkus.
Quarkus is recommended for cloud-native applications with its best-in-class startup time and low memory footprint, while Spring Native is suitable for leveraging existing Spring knowledge and enterprise integrations.

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Medium

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TRANSLATOR’S PREFACE

The book 'Strategy' by Edward Lasker underwent significant alterations and improvements in its second edition
The second edition contains a new preface, a chapter for beginners, a new introduction, and new variations
Many new games have replaced the old ones in the second edition
The book offers chess players an opportunity to enhance their playing strength and explore new strategies

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Medium

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In progressive chess, players play progressively longer series of moves.

Progressive chess involves playing a progressively longer series of moves.
The standard rules of chess apply, with a few exceptions.
The game is played in turns, with players making a sequence of moves of increasing number.
A player who runs out of legal moves during their turn is stalemated and the game is drawn.

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