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How I Built My Self-Hosted Cloud with Proxmox, Terraform & Docker

The author built a self-hosted cloud using Proxmox, Terraform, and Docker.
The setup is fully self-hosted and utilizes a Mini PC with Proxmox VE as the private cloud infrastructure.
The architecture includes secure remote access with Cloudflare Zero Trust, VM provisioning with Terraform and Cloud-Init, Dockerized applications, CI/CD automation with GitHub Actions, and secure connectivity with Cloudflare tunnels.
The setup allows for a private cloud environment with automated provisioning, secure access, efficient resource utilization, and version-controlled infrastructure.

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Dev

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🚀 Week 8: Mastering Kubernetes – Learning in Public ☸️

This week, the focus was on mastering Kubernetes (K8s) for container orchestration.
The key learnings and implementations include setting up Kubernetes clusters using Minikube, Kops, and EKS.
Core Kubernetes concepts explored include Pods, Namespaces, Services, ReplicaSets, Deployments, ConfigMaps, Secrets, Ingress, and Persistent Volumes.
Hands-on projects were implemented to deploy various applications using different Kubernetes components.

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Kubernetes vs. Docker Swarm: Which One is Right for Your Project?

Kubernetes is an all-inclusive resort for containers, ideal for large-scale applications.
Docker Swarm is a lightweight, easy-to-set-up tool for quick deployments and smaller projects.
Key differences: Kubernetes requires more setup time, designed for massive workloads, offers self-healing and advanced networking. Docker Swarm is quicker to set up, works well for small to medium-sized applications, provides basic failover, and simpler networking.
Choose Kubernetes for high availability, auto-scaling, microservices at scale, multi-cloud deployments, advanced networking, security policies, and granular control. Choose Docker Swarm for quick deployments, small to medium-sized applications, familiarity with Docker, and when simplicity is preferred.

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Top 10 Resources to Learn Kubernetes (K8) in 2025

Kubernetes has become essential for IT professionals looking to advance their careers in cloud-native technologies.
Top resources in 2025 to learn Kubernetes include books, courses, and online tutorials.
Beginners can start with 'Kubernetes for the Absolute Beginners --- Hands-on' course by Mumshad Mannambeth.
'The Book Of Kubernetes: A Complete Guide to Container Orchestration' is a comprehensive reference guide suitable for all levels.
Courses like 'Docker & Kubernetes: The Practical Guide' on Udemy offer hands-on experience.
'The Official Kubernetes Tutorials' provide up-to-date resources for both beginners and experienced users.
'Kubernetes Fundamentals Learning Path' on Kube by Example offers practical examples for hands-on learning.
'Microsoft's Introduction to Kubernetes' and 'Learn Kubernetes in Under 3 Hours' by freeCodeCamp are excellent free resources.
'Microsoft's Introduction to Kubernetes' blends theoretical knowledge with practical exercises.
'Programming Kubernetes: Developing Cloud-Native Applications' is focused on developing cloud-native applications using Kubernetes.

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My Country

Pakistan, Pakistan, love you Pakistan
My Day
Let's see my day
It is full of fun

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Dev

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Why PaaS is the Future of Cloud Deployment – A Developer’s Perspective

Developers are increasingly moving from IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service) to PaaS (Platform as a Service) for cloud deployment.
IaaS platforms come with a high maintenance overhead and require DevOps skills.
PaaS abstracts away infrastructure management and offers hassle-free deployment and scaling.
PaaS provides cost transparency, optimization, and leverages AI for cloud management.

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Ram's Magic Cloud: A Fun and Simple Way to Understand Cloud Computing!

Cloud computing is a way to store, access, and use data and programs over the internet.
It works by saving data on a powerful system located far away.
There are different types of cloud computing, including public, private, and hybrid.
Cloud computing offers various services, such as IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.

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Medium

319

Containerization and Orchestration: A Practical Guide to Docker and Kubernetes

Kubernetes automates the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications.
A Dockerfile and Deployment are used to create and manage the containers in Kubernetes.
Kubernetes Services provide load balancing and automatic distribution of incoming traffic.
Liveness and readiness probes in the Deployment YAML ensure continuous monitoring and automatic restart of failed pods.

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Dev

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Why Kubernetes in 2025? The Evolution of Cloud Native Orchestration

Kubernetes has evolved to become a comprehensive cloud-native platform by 2025.
AI/ML workload orchestration capabilities, including native GPU sharing, dynamic resource scaling, and automated model serving.
Integration of WebAssembly for near-native performance, reduced container startup time, smaller deployment footprints, and enhanced security.
Advanced service mesh capabilities like support for HTTP/3 and QUIC protocols, automated certificate management, and traffic shaping.

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What is the difference between ClusterIP, NodePort, and LoadBalancer service types in Kubernetes?

In Kubernetes, a service is a way to let applications talk to each other, providing a fixed address to a group of pods.
ClusterIP creates an internal IP for a service, making it reachable only from within the cluster for internal communication.
NodePort exposes the service on a static port on every node in the cluster, enabling external access using any node's IP address.
LoadBalancer, suitable for cloud environments, creates an external load balancer with a public IP, distributing traffic among cluster nodes.
Service types in Kubernetes use network differently, with ClusterIP for internal use, NodePort for testing and small-scale external access, and LoadBalancer for production in cloud platforms.
Choosing the right service type depends on needs, with ClusterIP for internal services, NodePort for testing, and LoadBalancer for public access in cloud environments.
Advantages and disadvantages of each service type include simplicity and security of ClusterIP, fixed port exposure of NodePort, and external load balancing capability of LoadBalancer.
In a practical scenario, using ClusterIP for backend services and transitioning to LoadBalancer for public access is a common strategy for web applications.
Understanding the differences between service types helps in designing robust systems in Kubernetes, offering flexibility to adapt as application needs evolve.
Experimenting with different service types and understanding Kubernetes networking basics can enhance familiarity with managing applications using Kubernetes.
The choice of service type should align with specific use cases, with practice enabling users to seamlessly switch between service types based on requirements.

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How can I keep a container running on Kubernetes?

When you start with Kubernetes, you may face the challenge of keeping a container running after it finishes its job.
Containers need a long-running process to stay alive; otherwise, Kubernetes considers them done and exits.
To keep a container running, you can use commands like 'tail -f /dev/null' or 'sleep infinity' that run indefinitely.
Override the default command of a container in Kubernetes by setting it in the pod's specification.
Pods in Kubernetes ensure that containers run as expected and can automatically restart a container if it stops.
Using deployments in Kubernetes ensures that a specified number of pods are always running, helping with updates and scaling.
Troubleshooting container issues may require checking logs and utilizing rollback deployments in Kubernetes.
Best practices include keeping commands simple, using deployments for production, monitoring pods, and planning for rollbacks.
To manage container health effectively, integrate readiness and liveness probes with a script that checks application health continuously.
Additional tools like kubectl can help in managing Kubernetes resources and checking the status of containers.

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Dev

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How to run a cron job inside a docker container?

Docker allows running applications in containers, and sometimes there is a need to run cron jobs within containers for scheduled tasks.
Running cron jobs in Docker containers is beneficial for various tasks like backups, emails, and system maintenance automation.
Before setting up cron jobs in Docker, ensure Docker is installed on the system and have basic knowledge of Docker commands.
Cron is a time-based scheduler on Unix-like systems used to run commands or scripts at specified intervals.
To run cron jobs in a Docker container, you need a base image based on a Linux distribution, install cron in the Dockerfile, and have basic Docker knowledge.
Follow steps like creating a Dockerfile with cron installations, defining cron jobs, building the Docker image, running the container, and verifying the cron job.
Tips include using lightweight OS for the base image, monitoring logs, testing cron jobs, combining cron with other services, and setting container restart policies.
An advanced example involves running more complex scripts with cron in Docker containers.
Consider monitoring, separation of concerns, using environment variables, security, and troubleshooting common issues when running cron jobs in Docker containers for production deployments.
The guide provides detailed explanations, tips, troubleshooting, and a step-by-step approach to successfully running cron jobs inside Docker containers.

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Dev

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What is the difference between CMD and ENTRYPOINT in a Dockerfile?

CMD and ENTRYPOINT are instructions in a Dockerfile used to specify commands for container startup.
CMD sets the default command that can be overridden during runtime, while ENTRYPOINT sets a fixed command.
CMD works as a suggestion for container behavior, while ENTRYPOINT behaves as a strict fixed instruction.
Both CMD and ENTRYPOINT can be used together to provide default parameters and a fixed main command.
CMD is useful for flexibility, allowing easy command changes, while ENTRYPOINT ensures consistency in command execution.
Combining CMD and ENTRYPOINT can provide controlled flexibility in Docker container behavior.
Best practices include using JSON array syntax, testing thoroughly, and documenting choices in the Dockerfile.
Understanding the variances between CMD and ENTRYPOINT helps in creating effective Docker images and containers.
Choosing between CMD and ENTRYPOINT depends on the need for adaptability or strict control in container operations.
By mastering the usage of CMD and ENTRYPOINT, developers can ensure reliable and well-structured Docker images.

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Dev

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Connecting to the Host Machine's Localhost from a Docker Container: A Practical Guide

To connect from inside a Docker container to the host machine's localhost, different methods can be used, including using the host network mode, the special DNS name host.docker.internal, finding the host's IP address on the Docker bridge, using Docker Compose with extra hosts, and setting up a custom bridge network.
By default, Docker containers have isolated networks, making it difficult to access services on the host machine using 'localhost' within the container.
Each method has its advantages and considerations in terms of security, network isolation, and ease of use.
Using the host network mode allows the container to share the same network stack as the host machine, enabling easy access to services on the host.
For users of Docker Desktop on Windows and Mac, the special DNS name host.docker.internal resolves to the host machine's IP address, facilitating connectivity.
Another method involves using the IP address of the host on the Docker bridge network, usually at 172.17.0.1, to establish connections from inside the container.
Docker Compose allows adding extra hosts to map a hostname to the host machine's IP address, providing a simple naming convention for container interactions.
Setting up a custom bridge network provides greater control over IP addressing and network configuration, useful for more complex requirements.
Considerations for security, firewall settings, and network configurations are essential when choosing a method to connect to the host machine's localhost.
Different methods are suitable for various environments, such as development, testing, and production, offering flexibility and control over network connections.

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Dev

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How to create Docker Containers from Images?

Docker helps in packaging applications into containers, making them lightweight and portable for consistent deployment.
Docker images act as templates containing all components required for a container.
Prerequisites involve installing Docker and accessing images from repositories like Docker Hub.
Steps to create a Docker container include choosing an image, pulling it from Docker Hub, and running the container.
Verification of container status and interaction within the container are crucial steps.
Tips include using correct image tags, monitoring container resources, and running containers with specific users for security.
Experimenting with various options in docker run command helps in learning Docker functionalities.
Building custom Docker images with Dockerfiles provides control over container contents.
Creating Docker containers from images is straightforward, useful, and essential in DevOps and software development.
Continual practice and exploration of advanced Docker topics enhance understanding and proficiency.

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