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Understanding the TCP and IP protocols

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and IP (Internet Protocol) are two fundamental protocols that are essential for the functioning of the internet.
IP is responsible for routing the data packets to their correct destination, while TCP ensures that all packets arrive intact, in the right order.
TCP is reliable and verifies the delivery of packets, while UDP (User Datagram Protocol) prioritizes speed over reliability.
Understanding TCP/IP is crucial for those working in the tech industry, as it forms the backbone of the internet.

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Hackernoon

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Dev Story 1: The First Taste of Digital Creation

In 1993, the author had their first experience with digital creation in a computer lab.
They were taught to write a LOGO program to draw a rectangle.
Despite initial difficulties, the author's code eventually worked.
Due to a pause in programming education, the author's interest was reignited in their 11th grade.

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Dev

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Functional Programming and Why OCaml?

Functional programming (FP) is a declarative way of writing programs, focusing on the result rather than implementation details.
In FP, everything, including functions, is treated as expressions, simplifying the program structure.
Core principles of FP include avoiding side effects, shared state, and promoting immutable data.
Functional programming utilizes expressions, lexical scope, pure functions, and first-class functions as cornerstones.
Lexical scoping ensures variable scope resolution at compile time, enhancing code predictability.
Pure functions have no side effects and consistently return the same output for the same input.
First-class functions enable passing functions as arguments, returning functions, and assigning functions to variables.
FP excels in concurrency and parallelism due to safe parallelization, data sharing, and thread safety practices.
OCaml, a functional language, balances FP principles with mutable data when necessary for better performance.
OCaml's strong type system enhances code correctness, readability, and security by detecting errors at compile time.

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Dev

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Mastering System Design: The 25 Key Concepts You Must Learn

System design can feel overwhelmingly difficult—until you sit down and master the core concepts that drive real-world applications.
These 25 foundational ideas make up the 20% of knowledge that appears in 80% of system design interviews.
Once you grasp them, everything starts to click.
Mastering these concepts helps you build scalable, efficient, and robust applications in the real world.

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Dev

215

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Beginner's Guide To Try And Catch In Java

Try and catch in Java are used to handle errors and exceptions before they crash the program and allow for graceful handling.
Java categorizes errors into unchecked exceptions (coding mistakes) and checked exceptions (external failures).
Using try-catch can prevent program crashes and enable providing informative error messages to users.
Multiple catch blocks in Java help handle different errors separately for precise error handling.
The finally block in Java ensures certain code runs regardless of whether an exception is thrown or not.
Common mistakes in exception handling include catching every exception without proper handling, catching overly generic exceptions, using try-catch for unchecked exceptions, and not closing resources properly.
Best practices include properly handling exceptions by logging errors, catching specific exceptions, fixing root causes of unchecked exceptions, and using try-with-resources for resource management.
Not closing resources can lead to memory leaks and performance issues, so using try-with-resources or a finally block is crucial for proper resource management.
Experimenting with intentionally creating errors and learning how exceptions behave is a good way to understand try, catch, and finally blocks in Java.
Implementing these best practices ensures stable and error-proof Java code, making debugging easier and improving program reliability.

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Dev

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Looking Ahead: maxGraph in 2025

maxGraph is a TypeScript library for displaying and interacting with vector diagrams.
2024 focused on improving documentation, tree-shaking, and bug fixes.
In 2025, the library plans to continue enhancing documentation and improving tree-shaking for better library size optimization.
Other areas of focus for 2025 include stabilization, bug fixes, defining the public API, and seeking new contributors and maintainers.

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Dev

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FlashTokenizer: The World’s Fastest CPU Tokenizer

FlashTokenizer is an ultra-fast CPU tokenizer optimized specifically for large language models, achieving 8 to 15 times speed improvement compared to traditional tokenizers.
Key features of FlashTokenizer include exceptional speed, high-performance C++, parallel processing with OpenMP, easy installation, and cross-platform compatibility.
Use cases for FlashTokenizer include frequent text processing tasks, real-time applications requiring high-speed inference performance, and running language model inference in CPU environments to reduce hardware costs.
To experience FlashTokenizer's performance, a demonstration video is available, and it can be installed via pip. The official GitHub repository provides detailed usage instructions, example code, and welcomes users to provide feedback and contribute to its improvement.

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Medium

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OpenAI’s new GPT-4o image generation is an absolute game changer

OpenAI's new GPT-4o image generation is a game changer
The new GPT-4o understands images at a deep level
It can generate images with accurate and precise refining
GPT-4o has significantly improved in understanding and generating text

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Medium

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Vision-Speech Models: Teaching AI to Converse About Images with Workspax AI Solutions

Workspax is revolutionizing AI with enterprise-grade solutions focusing on conversational experiences centered around visual content.
Vision-speech models act as a bridge between visual inputs and natural language responses, transcending traditional AI limitations.
Workspax's models retain speech nuances for appropriate emotional tone, integrating image-specific details with broader topics.
The company's innovations include speech-to-text, natural speech generation, cross-modal attention, fusion strategies, and more.
Case studies showcase real-world impact, such as a retail client reducing service times by 50%.
Workspax drives transformation across industries like healthcare, education, and retail with AI-assisted tools and immersive experiences.
Success stories include increased productivity in radiology screenings, improved concept retention in education, and higher conversion rates in retail.
Dynamic storytelling and interactive media benefit from Workspax's technology, offering personalized entertainment experiences.
The company's future vision includes autonomous agent capabilities and industry applications in development.
Workspax sets new standards with its AI solutions, focusing on strategic and operational benefits while adhering to ethical guidelines.

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Dev

396

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Why Single-Threaded Architectures Still Matter

Threading models have evolved from single-threaded architectures to complex multi-threaded and parallel execution paradigms.
Single-threaded systems are still relevant due to simplicity, maintainability, event-driven efficiency, reduced context switching overhead, scalability with distributed systems, and security.
The future of threading models involves hybrid approaches, combining single-threaded event loops and worker threads or process-based concurrency.
Understanding when to use single-threaded vs. multi-threaded approaches is crucial for designing efficient software.

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Medium

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Building AI-Powered Apps with Gemini 2.5 Pro, Java & Spring Boot

Java and Spring Boot are strong technologies for building AI-powered apps.
Readers will learn how to integrate Google Gemini AI with Java and Spring Boot.
Access to Gemini 2.5 Pro can be set up by visiting the mentioned website.
A Java class annotated with @RestController and @GetMapping is used to make API calls to Gemini 2.5 Pro.

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Dev

316

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Day 1132 : Lift 'Em Up

Meetings took up most of the day, limited progress on coding. Worked on documentation.
Set up printer in a cage but didn't complete the enclosure. Searched for tracks on Bandcamp. Started a project for a website.
Planning to finish the enclosure, create social media posts and continue working on the website.
Explored a possible improvement for lenticular 3D prints. Need to work on the hotbed plate for a better print.

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Medium

171

Deploying Machine Learning Models Using Flask-Based Apps in Python

Flask is a simple and flexible web framework that is particularly useful for deploying machine learning models.
The first step in deploying a machine learning model with Flask is to set up your development environment.
Once the Flask app is up and running, you can test it by sending HTTP requests.
Deploying machine learning models using Flask provides a simple yet powerful way to make your models accessible to users and applications.

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Hackaday

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Programmer’s Macro Pad Bangs Out Whole Functions

Programmer's Macro Pad is capable of virtually 'typing' out multiple lines of text with a single key press.
It saves the user from manually entering commonly used functions, declarations, and conditional statements in programming.
The pad is based on the Arduino Pro Micro and features 16 keys with each key having a specific predefined function.
The firmware is currently hardcoded, but there is a potential to develop a tool to add or change macros without editing the source code.

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Medium

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Why Hiring the Best Programmers Can Ruin Your Team (And What to Do Instead)

Companies often focus on hiring the best programmers, prioritizing technical skills over collaboration and emotional intelligence.
This fixation on technical excellence can lead to teams filled with egos, miscommunication, and tension, hampering innovation and team morale.
The typical hiring process emphasizing technical prowess, such as acing LeetCode challenges, is being questioned for its efficacy and relevance in real-world scenarios.
Hiring solely based on technical skills results in dysfunctional teams and projects slowing down.
The IT industry tends to overlook the importance of soft skills like collaboration, adaptability, and emotional intelligence, leading to problematic team dynamics.
A focus on hiring '10x engineers' with exceptional technical skills often backfires, causing team morale to suffer and projects to stagnate.
Instead of prioritizing technical prowess, companies should look for candidates who exhibit qualities like honesty, eagerness to learn, critical thinking, and problem-solving abilities.
Great developers contribute to a team's success not just through technical skills but also by fostering teamwork, critical thinking, and adaptability.
Emphasizing soft skills alongside technical abilities can lead to stronger, more cohesive teams that drive innovation and success.
Companies that recognize the significance of soft skills in addition to technical proficiency will be better equipped to thrive in the evolving landscape of technology and innovation.
To avoid turnover, burnout, and dysfunctional teams, it is essential for companies to prioritize hiring candidates based on a balance of technical expertise and essential soft skills.

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