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Universe Today
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Image Credit: Universe Today
Webb Sees a Supercluster of Galaxies Coming Together
- The James Webb Space Telescope has been used to study one of the oldest and most significant star clusters, the Spiderweb protocluster, giving scientists information about how gravity played a different role in shaping star formations than previously thought. Results show undetected galaxies in the protocluster hidden by dust, with observations of hydrogen gas accounting for traces of star formation rate within galaxies. A deep-line survey found 41 new sources, with 17 Pa-beta emitters confirmed as star-forming regions. More observations are expected in the near future to provide confirmation of previous finds.
- The James Webb Space Telescope has been used to study one of the oldest and most significant star clusters, the Spiderweb protocluster, giving scientists information about how gravity played a different role in shaping star formations than previously thought.
- Results show undetected galaxies in the protocluster hidden by dust, with observations of hydrogen gas accounting for traces of star formation rate within galaxies.
- These observations revealed the presence of new, previously undetected galaxies in the protocluster that were obscured by dust.
- Deep-line survey found 41 new sources, with 17 Pa-beta emitters confirmed as star-forming regions.
- More than 100 individual galaxies are forming a cluster at the Spiderweb, showing up as a city of galaxies in construction in space.
- The construction of these galaxies is happening due to a smooth production of dust that has been observed rather than from abrupt gravity-driven mergers.
- Future observations with spectroscopic analysis from JWST should back up initial findings and lead to additional confirmation of new members of the Spiderweb protocluster.
- New results will provide researchers with a better understanding of the total star formation rate in the Spiderweb protocluster and the environment's dependence on galaxy formation.
- As is often the case on the journey, more observations are needed to provide new insights and confirm previous observations.
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Brighter Side of News
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Image Credit: Brighter Side of News
Magnetic tornadoes are stirring up Earth-size clouds of haze on Jupiter
- Recent studies have uncovered massive dark ultraviolet ovals at Jupiter's north and south poles, providing a window into complex atmospheric and magnetic processes.
- Using Hubble Space Telescope data from 1994 to 2022, researchers examined 26 global maps to identify these transient UV-dark ovals.
- Dark ovals at Jupiter's south pole, known as southern UV-dark ovals (SUDOs), occur four to six times more commonly than northern UV-dark ovals.
- UDO in the south polar hood of Jupiter.
- These ovals are anticyclonic vortices with extraordinary thickening of haze extending deep into the atmosphere, revealing a connection between Jupiter's stratosphere and deeper atmospheric layers driven by interactions between the planet's intense magnetic field and atmospheric dynamics.
- The UV-dark ovals were first spotted in Hubble images from the late 1990s and recently rediscovered from the Outer Planet Atmospheres Legacy (OPAL) project.
- The formation of UV-dark ovals highlights the intricate linkages between Jupiter's atmospheric layers, from the interior dynamo, satellites, ionosphere to the stratospheric hazes.
- Understanding the underlying mechanisms could help researchers studying atmospheric dynamics in the solar system, including exoplanets with similar magnetic environments.
- Long-term tracking of atmospheric changes like the OPAL project is vital to studying long-term atmospheric changes and projecting atmospheres of giant planets, exoplanets and even Earth.
- By expanding knowledge of Jupiter's poles, scientists gain a deeper appreciation for the planet's complexity and its role in atmospheric science.
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TechCrunch
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Image Credit: TechCrunch
TechCrunch Space: A new world
- NASA has announced that the next Artemis mission is delayed to April 2026, and Artemis III is delayed to mid-2027.
- Entrepreneur and private astronaut Jared Isaacman has been nominated as the NASA Administrator.
- SpinLaunch, a startup developing an alternative system for delivering payloads to orbit, recently closed $11 million in funding.
- This week in space history, we look back at Apollo 17, the last time humans walked on the moon under NASA's Apollo program.
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Nasa
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Image Credit: Nasa
Uncrewed Aircraft Systems Traffic Management Beyond Visual Line of Sight (UTM BVLOS)
- NASA, FAA, and commercial drone engineers gathered in Dallas to view delivery drones operating in shared airspace beyond visual line of sight.
- NASA's UTM BVLOS project aims to support the demand for drone flights and develop an uncrewed traffic management system.
- NASA's UTM enables drones to integrate into low-altitude airspace through digital sharing of flight details.
- Initial flights in Dallas will validate UTM capabilities and inform FAA's rulemaking for expanding drone operations.
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Discover more
Medium
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What are the easiest way to make money online
- Creating an online business is one of the easiest ways to make money online.
- Freelancing allows you to use your specific skills to earn money on platforms like Upwork and Fiverr.
- Affiliate marketing is a passive income stream where you promote products and earn commissions.
- Content creation on platforms like YouTube and Instagram can generate income through ad revenue and sponsorships.
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Nasa
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Image Credit: Nasa
NASA Researchers Discover More Dark Comets
- Researchers from NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory have discovered seven more dark comets, doubling the current amount.
- These objects are celestial bodies that looks like asteroids but move like comets.
- The researchers found that there are two different types of dark comets, inner and outer.
- Outer comets are related to Jupiter and possessed larger elliptical orbits.
- They also contained more reflective matter compared to their inner solar system counterparts.
- The smaller inner dark comets had nearly circular orbits.
- Researchers still have many questions such as where they came from and how they got their anomalous acceleration.
- These comets are potential sources for materials necessary for the development of life on Earth.
- Their albedo and orbits were analyzed to reveal the different types.
- The findings were published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
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Universe Today
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Image Credit: Universe Today
Hubble Gets its Best Look At the First Quasar
- Hubble telescope observations of the first quasar, 3C 273, reveal a new core jet, a core blob, and smaller blobs, as well as filamentary structures similar to those observed in other galaxies.
- Astronomers blocked the quasar's light to observe the filaments, lobe, and an L-shaped structure, probably the result of a supermassive black hole devouring small galaxies.
- The quasar is 2.5 billion light-years away and is the most distant object visible in a backyard telescope.
- The observations also found a Core Component (CC), in addition to the previously identified Inner Core (IC) and Outer Core (OC).
- Quasars are powered by supermassive black holes at the center of large galaxies and are thousands of times more luminous than the Milky Way.
- Observations of 3C 273 were first linked to a visual object by Maarten Schmidt in 1963, revealing the true nature of quasars.
- The research, published in Astronomy and Astrophysics, calls for additional observations of 3C 273 and better telescopes with improved performance in high-energy detection for further study.
- More observations of 3C 273 with the James Webb Space Telescope in infrared light may provide additional insight in the future.
- The Hubble's observations have bridged the gap between small-scale radio interferometry and large-scale optical imaging observations of quasars.
- Hubble's efforts allow for the possibility of a more complete understanding of quasar host morphology and galactic interactions in the future.
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Nasa
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Image Credit: Nasa
Station Science Top News: Dec. 6, 2024
- Astronaut cognitive performance remains generally stable with mild changes in certain areas.
- Researchers found baseline data on cognitive changes during space missions.
- Collaboration between NSF and CASIS leads to scientific discoveries in transport phenomena in space.
- Studies on combustion, heat transfer, and fluid dynamics provide insights for everyday life and technology.
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Nasa
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Image Credit: Nasa
Mary W. Jackson Portrait Revealed
- NASA leaders unveiled a portrait of Mary W. Jackson, pioneering aerospace engineer and mathematician at NASA’s Langley Research Center.
- The portrait is displayed at the NASA Headquarters Mary W. Jackson Building in Washington.
- Jackson became NASA’s first African American female engineer in 1958.
- She worked to impact the hiring and promotion of the next generation of NASA's female mathematicians, engineers, and scientists before retiring in 1985.
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Nasa
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Image Credit: Nasa
Week Begins with Spacewalk Preps, Physics, and Biology Research
- Spacesuits topped the schedule for the Expedition 72 crew on Monday as a pair of cosmonauts get ready for a spacewalk planned for next week.
- Flight Engineers Alexey Ovchinin and Ivan Vagner of Roscosmos will remove external science experiments and relocate European robotic arm hardware during the spacewalk.
- NASA astronauts also worked on spacesuit maintenance and performed vision tests and experiments on colloids inside the space station.
- Roscosmos Flight Engineer Aleksandr Gorbunov checked out gas supply valves for a space physics experiment on the International Space Station.
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Brighter Side of News
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Image Credit: Brighter Side of News
Astronomers discover ultra-dense ‘super-Earth’ with the density of lead
- Astronomers have discovered a super-sized rocky “super-Earth” planet, K2-360 b, with a staggering density of about 11 grams per cubic centimeter—similar to lead.
- K2-360 b is approximately 1.6 times the size of Earth but cram in 7.7 Earth masses.
- K2-360 b completes an orbit around its host star in just 21 hours, making it an extreme example of a USP planet, a rare category of exoplanets with orbital periods shorter than a day.
- NASA's K2 mission discovered K2-360 b in 2016 using the transit method.
- K2-360 c, the outer companion of K2-360 b, is likely a gaseous world with characteristics similar to Neptune, and is estimated to have a mass of at least 15 times that of Earth.
- The relationship between these two planets sheds light on the dramatic forces shaping planetary systems.
- K2-360 b's orbit was highly elliptical, but over time, tidal forces from the host star circularized its orbit, trapping it in its current, ultra-short-period configuration.
- The extreme conditions experienced by K2-360 b have stripped away much of its original atmosphere, leaving behind a rocky core.
- K2-360 b adds to the growing population of USP planets, a class that challenges current theories of planetary formation.
- This system serves as a natural laboratory for understanding the forces that shape planetary architecture, particularly in extreme environments.
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Nasa
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Image Credit: Nasa
Leader of NASA’s VERITAS Mission Honored With AGU’s Whipple Award
- Suzanne Smrekar, geophysicist and principal investigator of the agency’s upcoming VERITAS mission to Venus, is NASA JPL’s first recipient of the prestigious award.
- Smrekar received the Fred Whipple Award at the fall meeting of the American Geophysical Union.
- VERITAS mission aims to study Venus from surface to core, understanding its volcanic plains and deformed terrain beneath a toxic atmosphere.
- Smrekar has previously worked on NASA's Mars InSight mission and had a passion for Venus exploration.
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Nasa
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Image Credit: Nasa
NASA Invites Media to Panama, Austria Artemis Accords Signings
- Panama and Austria are expected to sign the Artemis Accords to reach 50 signatories on Wednesday, Dec. 11, 2024.
- The Artemis Accords promote the safe and sustainable exploration of space, with a focus on the beneficial use of space for humanity.
- The signing ceremonies will be held at NASA Headquarters in Washington, and NASA Administrator Bill Nelson will highlight the progress on the accords.
- As of now, 48 nations have signed the Artemis Accords, including 39 under the Biden-Harris Administration and 15 in 2024 alone.
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Universe Today
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Image Credit: Universe Today
Do We Really Know What Becomes a Type Ia Supernova?
- Type Ia supernovae are important for understanding cosmology and are often referred to as standard candles.
- The most popular model for Type Ia supernovae is the collapse of a white dwarf.
- However, some Type Ia supernovae do not adhere to the standard model, suggesting other causes.
- New observatories and sky surveys will provide more data to solve the mystery of Type Ia supernovae.
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Nasa
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Image Credit: Nasa
NASA Astronauts to Answer Questions from US Students Abroad
- NASA astronauts Nick Hague and Suni Williams will answer prerecorded questions from students from U.S. military families based overseas.
- The Space-to-Earth calls will take place on Dec. 11 and Dec. 12.
- Stuttgart Elementary and Kwajalein School System will host the events.
- The aim is to inspire students and promote STEM education.
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