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Space News
Universe Today
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Image Credit: Universe Today
Do the Fastest Spinning Pulsars Contain Quark Matter?
- Neutron stars form when a large star's core collapses, and the atoms collapse under the weight of gravity to form a dense sea of neutrons.
- The equation of state of neutron matter indicates that the upper mass limit for a neutron star should be around 2.2 to 2.6 solar masses.
- Since neutron stars are rotating, we can measure their rate of rotation.
- Some physicists and astronomers have suggested that quarks might break free in a neutron star's dense heart to create a quark star.
- Pulsars, which emit radio pulses, rotate at frequencies that can reveal the minimum density for the object to remain intact.
- Millisecond pulsars can rotate above 700 Hz, and their density in polar regions is higher than near the equator, raising questions of whether the polar areas might contain quark matter.
- A better fit for the fastest pulsars was obtained by comparing a traditional equation of state model to a hybrid model, which included both neutron and quark matter.
- Currently observed millisecond pulsars can be described by the traditional model, but higher rotation frequency indicating quark matter would shift the upper limit to 1,000 rotations a second.
- More millisecond pulsars with a wide range of masses would reveal how rotation frequency varies with mass at the upper limit and which of the two models the data strengthens.
- These findings were published in a research paper titled “Fastest spinning millisecond pulsars: indicators for quark matter in neutron stars?” on arXiv(pre-print server).
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Earthsky
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Image Credit: Earthsky
Sunlike stars hurl superflares about once per 100 years
- Sunlike stars hurl superflares – flares with about 10,000 times the energy of a typical flare – approximately every 100 years, according to a new study published in the journal 'Science'.
- The scientists studied 56,000 sunlike stars and found this rate of about one superflare per star per century and according to press release, the sun too is likely capable of similarly violent eruptions.
- Superflares are more massive than anything we have experienced. They can contain energies of about 1 trillion hydrogen bombs.
- Scientists were very surprised that sunlike stars are prone to such frequent superflares, as previous studies estimated these flares would occur less frequently, on intervals of 1,000 to even 10,000 years.
- Satellite operators could take precautions to keep the harmful effects to a minimum, as today's technology relies heavily on satellites that would be vulnerable in a strong geomagnetic storm.
- ESA’s upcoming space probe, Vigil – planned for 2031 – will watch the sun from the side to provide more advanced warning of incoming sun-stuff.
- The study does not predict when our sun might experience a superflare, but if these sunlike stars are representative of our sun, it is important we monitor its activity.
- The new data serves as a stark reminder that even the most extreme solar events are part of the sun’s natural repertoire.
- The Sun’s strongest flare in modern history was the Carrington event on September 1-2, 1859.
- The study involved looking at 56,450 sunlike stars with the Kepler space telescope from 2009 to 2013, equivalent to about 220,000 years of stellar activity.
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Livescience
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Image Credit: Livescience
Nearby exoplanet has grown a tail 44 times longer than Earth — and it's acting like a giant 'stellar windsock'
- An exoplanet near Earth, called WASP-69 b, has a gigantic tail stretching over 40 times the length of Earth.
- The tail is composed of gas leaking from the exoplanet's atmosphere and is being blown by stellar winds, resembling a giant 'windsock'.
- The exoplanet is a gas giant similar in size to Jupiter and orbits a star about 160 light-years away from Earth.
- The discovery of the tail provides valuable insights into the formation and evolution of gas giants and allows scientists to study stellar winds in distant stars.
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Nasa
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Image Credit: Nasa
NASA Outlines Latest Moon to Mars Plans in 2024 Architecture Update
- NASA released new documents outlining its Moon to Mars architecture update.
- The roadmap sets NASA on course for long-term lunar exploration under the Artemis campaign.
- New additions include a prioritized list of key architecture decisions, lunar surface cargo lander, and lunar surface habitat.
- The agency is using fission power as the primary source of power on the Martian surface.
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Discover more
Knowridge
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Image Credit: Knowridge
NASA thinks it knows why Ingenuity crashed on Mars
- NASA's Ingenuity helicopter sent its final signals to Earth earlier this year.
- Engineers have determined that inaccurate data from the navigation system caused a chain of events leading to Ingenuity's demise.
- Smooth terrain and a lack of landmarks during Flight 72 posed a challenge for the helicopter.
- Despite the crash, Ingenuity can still provide weather and avionics data to the Perseverance rover.
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Popsci
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Image Credit: Popsci
9 fascinating images from the Royal Society Publishing Photography Prize
- Dr. Angela Albi won first place at the Royal Society Publishing Photography Prize with her photo of sharks hunting silversides in shallow Maldives waters.
- The photography contest is presented through a collaboration between the Royal Society Publishing and the Royal Photographic Society.
- Winning images also included the Heart and Soul nebulae, a bizarrely asymmetrical flatfish, and a school of toads breeding.
- Category winners were selected across five scientific disciplines: Astronomy, Behavior, Earth science and climatology, Ecology and environmental science, Microimaging.
- The Royal Society Publishing Photography Prize was made up of more than 500 entries.
- The competition showcases stunning images of the natural world, taken by scientists and science photographers who explore cutting-edge research.
- The public can now also explore the photos as part of an exhibition at the society's London-based venue.
- The competition launched in 2019 and has drawn entrants from around the world.
- The society believes that photography is a powerful tool to help disseminate science and broaden the reach of scientific knowledge.
- The Royal Society was founded in 1660 and is the UK's national academy of science.
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Earthsky
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Image Credit: Earthsky
Happy Friday the 13th: It’s the 2nd of 2 in 2024
- Today is December 13, 2024, and it’s a Friday. And it’s the second of two Friday the 13ths in 2024.
- Any calendar year has at least one – but no more than three – Friday the 13ths.
- There’s a name for having an irrational fear of Friday the 13th: friggatriskaidekaphobia.
- Folklorists state that there’s no written evidence that Friday the 13th was considered unlucky before the 19th century.
- Even in the Middle Ages, people would not marry – or set out on a journey – on a Friday.
- In modern times, the slasher-movie franchise Friday the 13th has helped keep friggatriskaidekaphobia alive.
- Because the Gregorian calendar has a 400-year cycle, September-December Friday the 13th years recur in cycles of 400 years.
- If you’re up for doing the computations, you’ll find September-December Friday the 13th years repeat at different intervals in other centuries too.
- Bottom line: Scared of Friday the 13th? It’s just a feature of our Gregorian calendar, and a pretty common one at that.
- The Gregorian calendar features 688 Friday the 13ths.
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Earthsky
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Image Credit: Earthsky
Severe heatwave in Australia expected this weekend
- A severe heatwave is expected in Australia this weekend and into the coming week.
- The heatwave is forecasted to move from the interior to the eastern and southeastern parts of Australia.
- Heatwave warnings are in effect for multiple states and territories in Australia.
- The Australian Bureau of Meteorology advises residents to prepare for the heatwave and take necessary precautions.
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Nasa
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Image Credit: Nasa
Hubble Images a Grand Spiral
- This NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope image features the spiral galaxy NGC 5643, located 40 million light-years away in the constellation Lupus.
- NGC 5643 is a grand design spiral with two large, winding spiral arms that are visible.
- Ultraviolet and X-ray images and spectra reveal that NGC 5643 hosts an active galactic nucleus powered by a supermassive black hole.
- Researchers discovered an even brighter X-ray-emitting object, called NGC 5643 X-1, on the galaxy's outskirts, potentially a smaller black hole.
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Medium
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Summary of Your Aids to Health
- Imagine the end desired and feel its reality. Follow it through, and you will get definite results.
- Decide what belief is. Know that belief is a thought in your Mind, and what you think you create.
- It is foolish to believe in sickness and something to hurt or to harm you. Believe in perfec, health, prosperity, peace, wealth, and divine guidance.
- Apply the power of prayer therapy in your life. Choose a certain plan, idea, or mental picture. Mentally and emotionally unite with that idea, and as you remata faithful to your mental attitude, your prayer will be answered.
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Arstechnica
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Image Credit: Arstechnica
Rocket Report: Chinese national flies drone near Falcon 9, Trouble down under
- Virgin Galactic has signed an agreement with Italy's civil aviation authority to study the feasibility of conducting spaceflight operations from Grottaglie Spaceport in Southern Italy.
- The study, expected to be completed in 2025, will focus on examining Grottaglie's airspace compatibility with Virgin Galactic's requirements and flight profile.
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Livescience
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Image Credit: Livescience
China aims to be 1st to bring samples back from Mars
- China's space agency aims to be the first to bring samples from Mars to Earth.
- The plan, called Tianwen-3, is a two-spacecraft Mars lander mission planned for 2028.
- It includes a lander, ascent vehicle, orbiter, return module, helicopter, and a six-legged robot.
- The mission's goal is to search for signs of past life on Mars.
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Digitaltrends
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Image Credit: Digitaltrends
SpaceX wants to turn its Starbase facility into a new city
- SpaceX has submitted a letter requesting an election to determine whether the Starbase facility in Texas should be incorporated as a city.
- The company aims to grow the Starbase workforce and develop amenities to make it a world-class place to live.
- While environmental concerns have been raised, SpaceX claims that becoming a city will not affect its commitment to the environment.
- This would be the first time an official petition has been filed for incorporating Starbase as a city.
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TechCrunch
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Image Credit: TechCrunch
Fleet Space raises $100M to scale satellite-enabled mineral prospecting tech
- Fleet Space Technologies has raised $100 million in a Series D funding round.
- The funding will be used to accelerate the development of ExoSphere, a platform for real-time mineral prospecting from space.
- Fleet currently has two satellites in low Earth orbit that connect to ground sensors, allowing for predictive insights and drill targeting.
- The company will also be sending a payload to the moon in 2026 to capture seismic data for lunar research.
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Guardian
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Image Credit: Guardian
Geminid meteor shower: when to best see Australia’s biggest shooting star show this weekend
- Australia will see its best and biggest meteor shower of the year, the Geminids, on Saturday.
- The meteor shower will be strongest between 2am and 4am on Saturday, with the best viewing time depending on your location.
- The shower can be seen from all over Australia, with better visibility further north and in areas with low light pollution.
- The Geminids meteor shower is special because it sends more meteors across the night sky than any other meteor shower in Australia.
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