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Space News
Knowridge
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Image Credit: Knowridge
Scientists witness birth of a super star cluster in a nearby galaxy
- A super star cluster has been observed in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), offering insight into the early stages of massive star formation.
- Using the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) and Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), astronomers confirmed the presence of a second super star cluster in the LMC.
- The super star cluster in the LMC, named H72.97-69.39, is only 100,000 years old, allowing scientists to witness its birth in real-time.
- The collision of two massive clouds of dust and gas in the N79 region of the LMC is believed to have triggered the formation of the super star cluster.
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Nasa
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Image Credit: Nasa
NASA University Research Program Makes First Award to a Community College Project
- NASA's University Student Research Challenge awarded its first grant to a community college project led by students from Cerritos Community College in California.
- The Project F.I.R.E. team is researching the use of drones to extinguish fires with eco-friendly pellets, aiming to address the challenge of wildfires.
- This award marks a milestone as USRC has previously only selected participants from four-year institutions, showcasing NASA's commitment to inclusivity and innovation.
- Project F.I.R.E.'s research involves dropping biodegradable pellets into fires from autonomous drones, creating a foam-like fire retardant solution.
- The team aims to support firefighters and enhance safety during natural disasters, collaborating with stakeholders to refine their technology.
- Having won the 'Future Game-Changer' award at NASA's Gateway to Blue Skies competition, the team secured the USRC grant to further develop their idea.
- The community college students expressed gratitude for the opportunity to contribute to cutting-edge research and highlighted the value of community colleges in innovation.
- Through USRC support, the Project F.I.R.E. team plans to turn their concept into a tangible solution for fire suppression, building on their prior achievements.
- The innovative approach of using drones and eco-friendly materials in firefighting demonstrates a proactive response to the pressing issue of wildfires.
- NASA's recognition and support of community college students like those from Cerritos Community College signify a dedication to fostering diverse talent in aeronautics research.
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Guardian
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Image Credit: Guardian
Starwatch: a gloriously brilliant Venus and a young crescent moon
- This week, the western sky will offer a beautiful sight of Venus and a young crescent moon.
- On the evening of 2 March, the crescent moon will be just over three days old with 10% illumination.
- Venus will remain gloriously brilliant, situated in the Pisces constellation.
- Mercury, although fainter, can also be spotted above the western horizon after sunset.
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Nasa
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Image Credit: Nasa
Simulation Tools
- The Simulation and Graphics Branch offers various software tools to facilitate simulation building and operation.
- Trick Simulation Environment streamlines domain-specific model building by providing common simulation capabilities.
- General-Use Nodal Network Solver (GUNNS) combines nodal analysis and hydraulic-electric analogy for medium-fidelity, real-time simulations.
- TrickHLA software supports the IEEE 1516 High Level Architecture standard for the Trick Simulation Environment.
- TrickFMI provides a Functional Mockup Interface implementation for Trick Base Models and Simulations.
- TrickCFS synchronizes core Flight Software system with the Trick simulation executive for proper interfacing.
- Input Device Framework (IDF) offers an infrastructure for software to interact with physical input devices.
- Displays and Controls Software (DCApp) is designed for UNIX platforms, employing technologies like OpenGL and libxml2.
- Koviz is a simulation data visualization tool offering real-time analysis report for Trick real-time data recordings.
- JSC Engineering Orbital Dynamics (JEOD) facilitates vehicle trajectory generation and spacecraft simulations for various missions.
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Medium
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Image Credit: Medium
My Journey to creating an AI Model to Detect Exoplanets
- Artificial intelligence is revolutionizing space exploration and aiding in the discovery of exoplanets orbiting stars other than the Sun.
- AI models analyze light curves to detect transit dips, suggesting the presence of exoplanets by observing fluctuations in brightness over time.
- Flux quantifies light from celestial objects, helping determine the period of a planet's orbit and its size relative to the star.
- Various AI models like KNeighbors Classifier, Logistic Regression, Neural Networks, and Convolutional Neural Networks are used for exoplanet detection.
- KNeighbors Classifier achieved 99.12% accuracy, Logistic Regression had 63.68%, Neural Networks had 98.95%, and Convolutional Neural Networks had 99.18% accuracy in predicting exoplanets.
- AI systems can extend beyond space exploration to analyze FLUX data for sound, liquid, and music generation based on text input.
- AI advancements have practical applications in various fields like biology, chemistry, and video enhancement, showcasing the potential for innovative discoveries.
- AI's role in enabling groundbreaking research, such as detecting exoplanets and enhancing scientific instruments, underscores its importance in future discoveries.
- Artificial intelligence serves as a catalyst for progress and promising advancements in multiple domains, offering vast potential for future developments.
- Efficient AI systems, like those used in space exploration, hold promises for diverse applications that can impact numerous areas of human life and scientific exploration.
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Digitaltrends
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Image Credit: Digitaltrends
SpaceX will launch its Starship megarocket this week
- SpaceX will launch its Starship megarocket for the eighth time on February 28.
- This upcoming test flight aims to achieve controlled landings for both the Super Heavy booster and the Starship spacecraft.
- NASA plans to use the Starship for crew and cargo missions to the moon and Mars.
- Elon Musk expressed his desire to prioritize the first crewed mission to Mars over NASA's moon-focused Artemis program.
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Knowridge
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Image Credit: Knowridge
Cosmic radiation altered virus evolution in Africa, study finds
- A nearby supernova may have influenced the evolution of life on Earth approximately 2.5 million years ago, according to astronomers from UC Santa Cruz.
- The radiation from the supernova is believed to have broken apart the DNA of living creatures in Lake Tanganyika in Africa, leading to an increase in viruses in the region.
- The study, led by recent graduate Caitlyn Nojiri and her team, found evidence of iron-60 isotopes from the supernova in samples retrieved from Lake Tanganyika.
- The team traced the origin of the iron isotopes back to a nearby supernova that occurred between 2 and 3 million years ago.
- Simulation of a near-Earth supernova suggested that cosmic rays bombarded Earth for 100,000 years after the blast, potentially damaging DNA.
- The researchers observed an increased diversification of viruses in the Rift Valley lakes at a similar timeframe to the supernova event.
- Caitlyn Nojiri, the lead researcher, was the first UCSC undergraduate invited to give a seminar at CCAPP at Ohio State and plans to pursue a career in astrophysics.
- Nojiri participated in programs like UC LEADS and Lamat, which inspired her to apply for graduate school in astrophysics.
- Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz, the UCSC Professor of astronomy, emphasized the importance of diverse perspectives in solving scientific problems.
- The study sheds light on how cosmic events like supernovae can impact the evolution of life on Earth and highlights the interdisciplinary nature of scientific research.
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Universe Today
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Image Credit: Universe Today
We Know How Much Radiation Astronauts Will Receive, But We Don’t Know How to Prevent it
- The journey to Mars will subject astronauts to extended periods of exposure to radiation during their months-long travel through space.
- Space radiation includes high-energy galactic cosmic rays and solar particle events that can damage DNA, increase cancer risk, and weaken the immune system.
- NASA estimates that a mission to Mars could expose astronauts to radiation levels that exceed current career exposure limits.
- Traditional shielding approaches are largely ineffective against galactic cosmic rays, and radiation levels vary depending on location and shielding configurations.
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Universe Today
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Image Credit: Universe Today
Glaciers Worldwide are Melting Faster Causing Sea Levels to Rise More
- Rising temperatures due to anthropogenic climate change are causing glaciers to melt at a faster rate, leading to various consequences like rising sea levels, coastal flooding, and drought risk.
- Research by the Glacier Mass Balance Intercomparison Exercise (GlaMBIE) team shows an alarming increase in glacier loss over the last decade.
- The study, published in Nature, utilized data from various satellite missions to track global glacier mass changes from 2000 to 2023.
- Glaciers lost 273 billion tonnes of ice annually, with regional losses ranging from 2% in the Antarctic to 39% in Central Europe.
- The rate of ice loss accelerated in the second half of the study, with glaciers contributing significantly to global sea-level rise.
- Glaciers collectively lost 6,542 tonnes of ice, leading to an 18 mm rise in global sea levels.
- The research provides a new observational baseline for studying the impact of glacier melt on water availability and sea-level rise.
- These findings are crucial for understanding the effects of climate change and developing strategies aligning with IPCC recommendations.
- The study aligns with the UN's focus on glacier preservation and highlights the need for collective action to address climate change.
- This research underlines the urgent need to address climate change and its impacts on glaciers and sea levels.
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Universe Today
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Image Credit: Universe Today
A Chinese Satellite Tests Orbital Refuelling
- China has launched the Shijian-25 satellite to test orbital refuelling operations, with the aim of extending the life of satellites and developing a network of orbital refuelling stations.
- Satellites require fuel for maneuvering and maintaining their desired orbits; once they run out of propellant, they become space debris.
- Orbital refuelling technology can extend satellite lifespans and transform space operations.
- Various companies and space agencies are developing orbital refuelling systems, which could make satellite operations more sustainable and cost-effective.
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The Verge
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Image Credit: The Verge
The Space Force shares a photo of Earth taken by the X-37B space plane
- The Space Force shared a photo taken by the X-37B space plane of Earth.
- The photo was taken during experimental aerobraking maneuvers to safely change the orbit of the space plane using minimal fuel.
- This is the seventh mission of the X-37B, with previous missions having lasted up to two-and-a-half years.
- The mission of the X-37B includes operating in new orbital regimes and testing space domain awareness technologies.
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Universe Today
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Image Credit: Universe Today
New Study Proposes that Cosmic Radiation Altered Virus Evolution in Africa
- A recent study by astronomers from UC Santa Cruz suggests that Earth was affected by radiation from a nearby supernova 2.5 million years ago, potentially leading to an increase in virus diversity in Africa.
- Scientists analyzed iron-60 samples from Lake Tanganyika, dating them to 2.5 and 6.5 million years old, indicating supernova activity near Earth during those times.
- They traced the origin of iron isotopes back to our Solar System passing through the Local Bubble in the Milky Way, and a nearby star going supernova between 2 and 3 million years ago.
- Simulations showed that cosmic rays from the supernova bombarded Earth for 100,000 years post-blast, potentially impacting DNA and leading to evolutionary changes and increased virus diversification.
- Lead author Caitlyn Nojiri is now pursuing a Ph.D. in astrophysics after her groundbreaking research was published.
- The findings suggest a link between cosmic radiation events and biological changes on Earth, highlighting the interconnectedness of astronomical events and life on our planet.
- Nojiri's research has garnered attention and recognition, with her being the first UCSC undergraduate to present at the Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics.
- The study emphasizes the significance of diversity in scientific research and the importance of varied perspectives in understanding complex phenomena like supernova effects on Earth.
- This groundbreaking study sheds light on the potential impact of cosmic events on Earth's biological evolution and showcases the interdisciplinary nature of astrophysics research.
- The study opens up new avenues for exploring the connections between astronomical phenomena and biological evolution, highlighting the vast influence of the cosmos on life on Earth.
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Brighter Side of News
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Image Credit: Brighter Side of News
Scientists detect the most energetic neutrino ever recorded
- The most energetic neutrino ever recorded, with an estimated energy of 220 peta-electron volts (PeV), was detected by the ARCA detector of the KM3NeT neutrino telescope deep in the Mediterranean Sea.
- This groundbreaking discovery surpasses any previous observations and offers new insights into extreme astrophysical events.
- The detection marks a significant milestone in neutrino astronomy, shedding light on the universe's most energetic phenomena.
- Neutrinos, elusive subatomic particles, play a crucial role in revealing the origins of cosmic events like supernovae, black holes, and gamma-ray bursts.
- The KM3NeT deep-sea neutrino telescope employs advanced optical sensors in the Mediterranean Sea to capture elusive neutrino interactions with matter.
- KM3NeT's detectors, ARCA and ORCA, provide a vantage point to study high-energy cosmic neutrinos and neutrino oscillations, enhancing our understanding of the universe.
- The recently detected high-energy neutrino, KM3-230213A, likely has an extraterrestrial origin, hinting at powerful cosmic accelerators or unique cosmic phenomena.
- As KM3NeT expands and refines its capabilities, more high-energy neutrinos will be detected, aiding in identifying their sources and advancing particle physics.
- This discovery fuels the field of multi-messenger astronomy, integrating data from neutrinos, gravitational waves, and electromagnetic signals for a comprehensive view of cosmic events.
- KM3NeT's collaborative efforts demonstrate the dedication to advancing neutrino astronomy and unraveling the mysteries of the universe.
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Livescience
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Image Credit: Livescience
NASA supercomputer reveals strange spiral structure at the edge of our solar system
- The Oort cloud, located at the edge of our solar system, may have a pair of spiral arms resembling a miniature galaxy.
- Researchers have developed a new model that suggests the inner structure of the Oort cloud resembles a spiral disk.
- The Oort cloud is a shell of icy objects that formed from the remnants of the solar system's giant planets.
- Further observations are needed to confirm the spiral structure and understand the origin and impact of comets in the Oort cloud.
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Popsci
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Image Credit: Popsci
Unistellar Odyssey Pro smart telescope review: Approachable in every way but the price
- The Unistellar Odyssey Pro smart telescope offers an easy and flexible viewing experience, solving many astrophotography complaints but comes with a steep price of $3,999.
- The telescope is compact, lightweight, and easy to set up, featuring an Alt-Azimuth mount for full tracking capabilities and a sturdy tripod for stability.
- Connectivity is reliant on the Unistellar app for functions such as orientation. The telescope has a five-hour battery life, USB-C charging, and 64GB storage for imaging.
- The Odyssey Pro uses an 85mm mirror diameter and a 4.1-megapixel sensor for viewing, with an eyepiece for a more traditional experience and OLED micro-display for immersive viewing.
- The Unistellar app simplifies the astronomy process with tools like a catalog of celestial objects, motorized mount tracking, image processing, and manual controls.
- Astrophotography with the Odyssey Pro is made easy with Deep Dark Technology, reducing light pollution effects and producing quality images with minimal fuss.
- While the telescope excels in simplifying stargazing and providing impressive results, drawbacks include limited Wi-Fi range, app dependence, and the high price point.
- The Odyssey Pro's portability, intuitive design, and ability to connect multiple apps make it suitable for social stargazing events, despite some drawbacks.
- Overall, the Unistellar Odyssey Pro offers an approachable astronomy experience but may not justify its high cost for all users, making the more affordable Odyssey a viable alternative.
- Key specs include a focal length of 320mm, 85mm mirror diameter, f/3.9 focal ratio, 4.1-megapixel image resolution, motorized Alt-Az mount, 5000+ object database, and 5-hour battery life.
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