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My Backend Stack Is Just TypeScript + Postgres. Here’s Why That’s Enough

Using TypeScript and Postgres for backend development is often sufficient for many SaaS products, especially in the early stages.
TypeScript provides a unified language for the entire stack, reducing context switching and facilitating type safety.
Postgres serves as a robust and versatile database, supporting relational data, JSON storage, full-text search, and background job handling.
Having fewer moving parts in the stack enhances focus, simplifies maintenance, and eases debugging.
Keeping the software stack simple can lead to better scalability when necessary and prevents premature optimization.
Overcomplicating the stack with unnecessary services can hinder development speed and create unnecessary complexity.
For many applications, scaling concerns are often premature, and a straightforward stack can handle significant loads before optimizations are needed.
A simple stack of TypeScript and Postgres allows for faster development, streamlined CI/CD processes, and reduced codebase complexity.
While more complex tools may be needed for certain edge cases, TypeScript and Postgres can address many common backend requirements effectively.
Starting with a minimalist stack like TypeScript and Postgres can enable faster progress, easier debugging, and more focused feature development.
In conclusion, a simple and reliable stack like TypeScript and Postgres can often be more than adequate for building and scaling SaaS products efficiently.

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Dev

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Rust Concurrency: Common Async Pitfalls Explained

Asynchronous programming comes with certain complexities, and it's easy to make mistakes when using async in Rust.
Accidentally performing synchronous blocking operations in asynchronous code is a major pitfall. It undermines the advantages of async programming and causes performance bottlenecks.
Forgetting to use .await will result in the Future not being executed at all.
Excessively spawning lightweight tasks introduces overhead from task scheduling and context switching, which can actually reduce performance.

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Dev

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Why the PDF Has Stood the Test of Time (A Developer's Perspective)

The PDF, born in 1993, has endured the ever-changing digital landscape due to its reliability and ubiquity.
It solved the chaos of document portability by preserving structure and content across all systems.
Developers face challenges with the PDF's binary format, limited interactivity, and parsing complexities.
Despite advancements like interactive forms and digital signatures, the PDF struggles to keep up with dynamic solutions.
While the PDF remains vital in sectors like finance and legal for compliance and security, it faces competition from structured data formats and cloud collaboration.
Joyfill proposes evolving the PDF with embedded structured data, API-driven workflows, and web/mobile optimizations.
The future may involve integrating the PDF with more dynamic models rather than replacing it entirely.
Developers look towards smarter document standards in the next decade, potentially transforming the role of the PDF.
The PDF's lasting legacy lies in its standardized and secure document presentation, but adaptation is necessary for its future relevance.
Will the PDF evolve into a more developer-friendly format or risk obsolescence as the digital landscape progresses? Only time will reveal the answer.

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Mjtsai

ARC Optimization vs. -fstack-protector

The author explains in a blog post that a bug he has been investigating sat at the intersection of a bunch of different moving pieces. The bug involved a call to objc_autoreleaseReturnValue, objc_retainAutoreleaseReturnValue, and the behavior of ARC.
The bug occurred due to the interference of the stack protector with a call to objc_autoreleaseReturnValue, which caused an object to go into the autoreleasepool. As a result, the object was not deallocated until the pool drained.
The author mentions that their code relied on performance optimizations in the runtime, Bazel unexpectedly passed -fstack-protector, and the Objective-C runtime has a performance optimization that does more than optimize.
The bug highlights a compiler option in clang that can change observable behavior without proper documentation.

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Medium

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How Spring Boot Handles YAML Parsing and Binding to Complex Objects

Spring Boot uses SnakeYAML for parsing YAML files during application startup.
SnakeYAML converts YAML content into a tree of Java values like Maps and Lists.
The parsed YAML content is then flattened into dot-separated keys for easy access.
Spring Boot merges multiple YAML files like application.yml and profile-specific files into a single configuration view.
Profiles in Spring allow for loading configuration files based on the active profile.
@ConfigurationProperties annotation is used to bind YAML values to Java classes.
Spring can handle complex YAML structures, nested objects, lists, and maps.
Proper YAML formatting is crucial for successful binding and type safety.
Starting from Spring Boot 2.2, constructor-based binding with @ConstructorBinding is supported.
Understanding YAML processing in Spring Boot helps in troubleshooting configuration-related issues.

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Dev

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150 lines or less - implementing virtual scroll for web from scratch

Virtual scroll, also known as virtualization or windowing, efficiently renders large lists in web applications by only loading visible items in the viewport.
The implementation involves removing items outside the viewport from the DOM and adding new ones on-demand for smooth scrolling.
Using ReactJS, a reusable component for virtual scroll can be created following specific principles that can be applied to any framework or vanilla JS.
Initial steps include preparing a large list with random data and defining window size, row height, and data array for the virtual table.
The core idea involves providing a fixed-size container for scrolling, calculating indexes based on scroll position, and maintaining desired scroll position using divs.
Basic implementation includes tracking scroll position, calculating start and end indexes for shown items, and maintaining a list of rendered rows.
Optimizations like buffering rows above and below the viewport and throttling scroll updates are crucial for smoother performance and reduced DOM churn.
Buffering involves rendering extra rows around the viewport to prevent a snapping effect when items enter and exit the view.
Throttling scroll updates helps in controlling state updates and improving performance by limiting the frequency of updates during rapid scrolling.
The final implementation can be tested using jsPad, with possibilities for further enhancements and optimizations to make the virtual scroll more generic and performant.

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Medium

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Procedural, OOP, Functional? Which One Should You Learn?

Understanding how programming languages are categorized can make you a better programmer.
The classification is based on the translation method, abstraction level, and programming paradigm.
Compiled and interpreted languages differ in execution speed and ease of debugging.
Choosing a programming language depends on your goals, project needs, and learning curve.

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Medium

216

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The Rise of Agentic AI: From Generative Models to Autonomous Agents

Agentic AI involves goal-driven systems that can reason, plan, interact with tools, and adapt with minimal human intervention.
These systems break tasks into subgoals, maintain state, call external tools, and operate over extended periods.
Agentic AI's advancement is attributed to prompting techniques, memory augmentation, and execution loops.
Frameworks such as ReAct, Voyager, and Auto-GPT have laid the foundation for autonomous AI development.
Auto-GPT and BabyAGI, though innovative, faced initial challenges like infinite loops and unclear planning.
Systems like HuggingGPT delegated tasks to specialized models and showcased orchestration of AI tools via natural language.
Memory systems, self-correction loops, and multi-agent collaboration are key aspects driving agentic AI progress.
Agentic AI faces challenges like limited context, unstable planning, hallucination, high cost, safety concerns, and alignment issues.
Future agents are expected to remember experiences, improve reasoning, integrate with real-world environments, and have collaborative interfaces.
Efforts like OpenHands and AgentBench aim to establish benchmarks and standards for evaluating autonomic AI.

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Medium

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Starter Town Ep. 7: Snap Cat BOOM

In episode 7 of Starter Town, the protagonist encounters Panini, a red panda who teaches them how to craft and cast spells using a glove and chalk.
Panini explains the process starts by defining the spell's name and its effect.
To add some extra flavor, they can also include parameters and arguments in their spell.
Panini mentions that some spells have return statements, which give back something upon casting.

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Medium

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Day 107 of 1000 – LiveGood 1000-Day Challenge

LiveGood 1000-Day Challenge is a protein product that offers various benefits, including building and repairing muscles, aiding in weight management, boosting energy and strength, and supporting digestive health.
The key ingredients of LiveGood 1000-Day Challenge include pea and organic brown rice protein, BCAAs, organic fiber, and prebiotics. It is free from artificial flavors or sweeteners.
To use LiveGood 1000-Day Challenge, mix one scoop with water, almond milk, or a favorite smoothie. It is ideal for pre- or post-workout or as a meal replacement.
The LiveGood 1000-Day Challenge is priced at $22 for LiveGood members, which is lower than the typical retail price of $34.95 for similar plant-based protein products.

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The Pragmatic Engineer

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The Pulse #131: why is every company is launching its own coding agent?

Every company is launching its own coding agent, including Canva, X, OpenAI, and WordPress.
The CVE program, a crucial security disclosure and categorization program, narrowly avoided being shut down after a budget cut.
Rippling rescinded a signed job offer after the candidate had resigned from her previous job, highlighting the risks associated with changing jobs.
US President Trump's 145% tariff on China had initially exempted smartphones, chips, laptops, hard drives, and flat-screen displays, but there is uncertainty as new tariffs on semiconductors are expected to be announced.

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Medium

356

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Title: Gaming: More Than Just a Game

Gaming has evolved into a global phenomenon and an art form.
Gaming is no longer limited to children, with diverse genres catering to different age groups.
Playing games can enhance critical thinking skills, decision-making, teamwork, and language proficiency.
The gaming industry offers various career paths, from content creation to game development and esports.

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Dev

237

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Building an Artificial Neural Network to make Predictions with Machine Learning.

Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) simulate the way humans learn and process information.
ANNs consist of nodes (artificial neurons) organized in layers: input, hidden, and output.
Training an ANN involves adjusting weights and biases using backpropagation and optimization.
ANNs have diverse applications in computer vision, NLP, healthcare, finance, and robotics.

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Dev

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Weather API

Today marks the beginning of my Learn in Public journey — where I’ll be building, sharing, and growing through real hands-on projects.
First up: a desktop weather app I created using Python and PyQt5!
The app takes a city name as input, fetches real-time weather data using OpenWeatherMap API, and displays the temperature in Celsius along with a brief weather description.
The project showcases a clean, user-friendly interface with robust error handling.

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Dev

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7 Essential Web Accessibility Testing Strategies for Inclusive Development

Establishing structured accessibility testing workflows in web development is crucial for creating inclusive digital products.
Web accessibility testing should balance automated and manual approaches to cater to diverse user needs.
Automated tools catch around 30-40% of accessibility issues, highlighting the need for manual testing, such as keyboard testing.
Screen reader testing is essential to ensure proper content announcement and semantic structure for visually impaired users.
Maintaining color contrast and creating accessibility personas are vital aspects of effective accessibility testing.
Component-level accessibility testing helps identify and address issues early in the development process, leading to reusable, accessible components.
Regular manual audits, user testing with people with disabilities, and testing across browsers and devices are imperative for comprehensive accessibility testing.
Training teams on accessibility fundamentals and conducting end-to-end accessibility testing further enhance the effectiveness of testing strategies.
Documentation, establishing clear acceptance criteria, and continuous refinement are crucial for sustainable accessibility testing workflows.
Incorporating these strategies in web development leads to more inclusive digital experiences that cater to all users' needs.

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