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Digitaltrends
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Chinese astronauts perform record-breaking 9-hour spacewalk
- Chinese astronauts Cai Xuzhe and Song Lingdong completed a record-breaking 9-hour spacewalk on the Tiangong space station.
- This spacewalk surpassed the previous record of 8 hours and 56 minutes set by NASA astronauts James Voss and Susan Helms in 2001.
- The astronauts performed tasks such as installing space debris protection devices and inspecting extravehicular equipment.
- China's space station may become a primary location for research in low-Earth orbit after the deorbiting of the International Space Station in 2030.
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Digitaltrends
6d
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Image Credit: Digitaltrends
Boeing Starliner astronauts will stay in space a little while longer
- NASA astronauts who traveled to the International Space Station (ISS) on the Boeing Starliner spacecraft will have their stay in space extended until late March 2025.
- The Starliner had to remain docked to the ISS due to problems with its thrusters and the astronauts were brought back to Earth using a SpaceX Dragon craft.
- The return of the astronauts, originally scheduled for February 2025, has been delayed by a month to allow for a handover period with the upcoming Crew-10 mission.
- NASA assures the public that the astronauts are safe, well-fed, and have an ample supply of provisions on the ISS.
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Knowridge
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Image Credit: Knowridge
Zwicky classifies more than 10,000 exploding stars
- The Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) has classified over 10,000 supernovae out of the 100,000 it has detected since 2017.
- The ZTF is named after Swiss astronomer Fritz Zwicky and is a wide-field astronomical survey that observes in optical & infrared and detects transients.
- The ZTF Bright Transient Survey (BTS) is the largest spectroscopic supernovae survey conducted to classify supernovae into distance, type, rarity and brightness.
- The ZTF uses robotic telescopes that image the visible sky every two nights and detect transients by subtracting images of the same portion of sky from subsequent scans.
- The ZTF detects hundreds of thousands of events every night, from small asteroids to gamma-ray bursts, making it challenging for astronomers to keep up.
- The machine learning tools are being developed to classify transients and send them to the Transient Name Server, to avoid duplication in the findings.
- Scientific contributions made by Swiss astronomer Fritz Zwicky are crucial to supernova science and supernova classification system.
- Detecting nearly 16,000 supernovae since 2012, astronomers have discovered the closest and most distant supernovae and thousands of Type 1a supernovae.
- The Vera Rubin Observatory (VRO) is expected to detect millions of supernovae, and handling those detections will require a machine-learning tool similar to the BTSbot.
- Combining data from both ZTF and Vera Rubin observatories will directly address the physics of why supernovae explode.
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Digitaltrends
6d
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Image Credit: Digitaltrends
How to watch the final ISS spacewalk of 2024
- The International Space Station (ISS) will host its third and final spacewalk of 2024 on Thursday, December 19.
- Russian cosmonauts Alexey Ovchinin and Ivan Vagner will install an experiment package to monitor celestial x-ray sources, as well as new electrical connector patch panels.
- They will also remove several experiments in preparation for disposal and relocate a control panel for the European robotic arm.
- NASA will provide live coverage of the spacewalk on NASA+ starting at 9:45 a.m. ET on Thursday.
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Universe Today
6d
140
Image Credit: Universe Today
New Research Suggests Io Doesn’t Have a Shallow Ocean of Magma
- Jupiter's moon Io is known for its volcanic activity, with about 400 active volcanoes.
- However, new research suggests that Io does not have a global subsurface magma ocean, indicating a mostly solid mantle.
- The findings from a NASA-supported study also indicate that tidal forces may not always lead to global magma oceans on moons or planetary bodies.
- This study has implications for the understanding of exoplanets that experience tidal heating.
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Universe Today
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Image Credit: Universe Today
The Mysterious Case of the Resurrected Star
- The star HD 65907 is not what it appears to be. It’s a star that looks young, but on closer inspection is actually much, much older.
- Research suggests that it is a resurrected star.
- Astronomers believe HD 65907 is a blue straggler, a star formed by the merger of two low-mass stars.
- This star is unique as it is a field star, not a member of a cluster, and must have cannibalized a companion five billion years ago.
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Nasa
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Image Credit: Nasa
NASA Ames Stars of the Month: January 2025
- The NASA Ames Science Directorate recognizes the outstanding contributions of Maurice Valdez, Niki Parenteau, Dori Myer, and Judy Alfter.
- Maurice Valdez is recognized for his focus and commitment to supporting the division’s scientific productivity as a system administrator.
- Niki Parenteau, a research scientist, has taken a leading role in the development of the Habitable Worlds Observatory and identifying potential biosignatures of life on exoplanets.
- Dori Myer, an archivist, has digitized and preserved institutional knowledge in the Flight Systems Implementation Branch for easy access in the modern age.
- Judy Alfter, a Deputy Project Manager, has excelled in her role during the field campaign for the Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem Post-launch Airborne eXperiment (PACE-PAX).
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Nasa
6d
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Image Credit: Nasa
More NASA Science, Tech will Fly to Moon Aboard Future Firefly Flight
- NASA has awarded Firefly Aerospace $179 million to deliver six experiments to the lunar surface as part of the agency’s Artemis campaign.
- This fourth task order for Firefly will target landing in the Gruithuisen Domes on the near side of the Moon in 2028.
- Under NASA’s Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS) initiative, Firefly will deliver a group of science experiments and technology demonstrations to better understand planetary processes and evolution, and help prepare for future human missions to the lunar surface.
- Firefly’s first lunar delivery is scheduled to launch no earlier than mid-January 2025 and will land near a volcanic feature called Mons Latreille within Mare Crisium.
- The newly awarded delivery in 2028 will send payloads to the Gruithuisen Domes and the nearby Sinus Viscositatus, to study geologic processes and lunar regolith.
- NASA also contracted to provide “mobility,” or roving, for some of the scientific instruments on the lunar surface after landing, enabling new types of U.S. scientific investigations.
- The instruments, collectively expected to be about 215 pounds (97 kilograms) in mass, include Lunar Vulkan Imaging and Spectroscopy Explorer, Heimdall, Sample Acquisition, Morphology Filtering and Probing of Lunar Regolith, Low-frequency Radio Observations from the Near Side Lunar Surface, Photovoltaic Investigation on the Lunar Surface, and Neutron Measurements at the Lunar Surface.
- Through CLPS, NASA purchases lunar landing and surface operations services from American companies. The agency uses CLPS to send scientific instruments and technology demonstrations to advance capabilities for science, exploration, or commercial development of the Moon.
- By supporting a robust cadence of lunar deliveries, NASA will continue to enable a growing lunar economy while leveraging the entrepreneurial innovation of the commercial space industry.
- Two upcoming CLPS flights scheduled to launch in early 2025 will deliver NASA payloads to the Moon’s near side and south polar region, respectively.
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Nasa
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Image Credit: Nasa
NASA Payload Aims to Probe Moon’s Depths to Study Heat Flow
- NASA's LISTER instrument, equipped with a drilling system and thermal probe, aims to measure heat flow from the Moon's interior.
- Developed by Texas Tech University and Honeybee Robotics, LISTER will penetrate three meters into the lunar regolith to measure thermal gradient and conductivity.
- The measurements will help reconstruct the Moon's thermal evolution and understand its geological processes.
- The data collected by LISTER will contribute to lunar geology knowledge, supporting long-term presence on the Moon under the Artemis campaign.
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Nasa
6d
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Image Credit: Nasa
NASA Knows: How Does the Sun Behave? (Grades 5-8)
- The Sun is the largest object in our solar system and a yellow dwarf star made of hydrogen and helium gases that fuse to form helium in its core, creating its heat and light.
- The Sun goes through a solar cycle every 11 years, during which time it has a very active period called 'solar maximum' and a less active period called 'solar minimum.'
- Increased magnetic activity during solar maximum causes sunspots on the Sun's surface, while the polarization of the poles change with each cycle.
- Space weather includes phenomena like the solar wind, solar storms, and solar flares that can have real impacts on earth and in space.
- Solar wind is a stream of charged particles that flows outward from the Sun's corona, and when it reaches Earth, it interacts with its magnetic field, producing colorful auroras.
- Solar storms are caused by the Sun's magnetic fields when they snap and release a burst of energy, and they can cause power outages, radio blackouts, and disruptions in GPS signals, satellite electronics, and more.
- NASA's Parker Solar Probe was launched in 2018 on a mission to fly into the Sun's corona and make measurements. Test your knowledge of the Sun with NASA's new quiz, Kahoot!
- Resources about the Sun can be found on the NASA website.
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Nasa
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Image Credit: Nasa
Crew Works Advanced Exercise and Space Tech, Gets Ready for Thursday Spacewalk
- Astronaut Suni Williams installs the European Materials Ageing experiment hardware inside the Nanoracks Bishop airlock for exposure to the vacuum of space.
- The International Space Station crew focuses on advanced exercise systems for space crews, spacecraft fire safety, and advanced life support gear.
- NASA astronauts install futuristic exercise gear in the Columbus laboratory module to be tested and used on future missions to the Moon, Mars, and beyond.
- Two cosmonauts are prepared for a spacewalk to remove science experiments and relocate robotic hardware from the space station's Poisk airlock.
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Universe Today
6d
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Image Credit: Universe Today
The JWST Looked Over the Hubble’s Shoulder and Confirmed that the Universe is Expanding Faster
- JWST confirms the Universe is expanding at a faster rate with its higher near-infrared resolution compared to Hubble Space Telescope.
- The expansion rate of the Universe is measured by the Hubble constant.
- Astronomers use the cosmic distance ladder (CDL) to measure the Hubble constant.
- The first rungs on CDL measure direct observations but the method breaks down at great distances.
- Astronomers use standard candles, such as supernovae and Cepheid variables, to measure distances to other galaxies.
- The Hubble tension is the discrepancy between our measurements of distances and expansion and the Standard Model of Cosmology.
- Researchers compared Hubble Space Telescope measurements with JWST measurements and showed the telescope observations confirm each other's findings and that inconsistency can't be due to instrument differences.
- Marc Kamionkowski, a Johns Hopkins cosmologist, believes something may be missing from the Lambda CDM model.
- Explaining the Hubble tension is 'an incredible opportunity to learn more about our universe,' said lead author Adam Riess.
- Theorists have several ideas, such as new components of matter or funny dark matter properties, that may explain the Hubble tension.
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Livescience
7d
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Image Credit: Livescience
Surprise discovery in alien planet's atmosphere could upend decades of planet formation theory
- Scientists studying a still-forming planet beyond our solar system have found that its chemical makeup doesn't fully match the swirling gas and dust disk from which it formed.
- The finding challenges standard models of planet formation and implies they may be overly simplistic.
- The planet's atmosphere contains much less carbon and oxygen than expected, suggesting that our widely accepted picture of planet formation was too simplified.
- The researchers propose two scenarios to explain the observed discrepancy and suggest that further observations of the system can provide more insights for detailed modeling.
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Livescience
7d
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Image Credit: Livescience
'Stranded' NASA astronauts' return to Earth delayed until at least 'late March' 2025 due to SpaceX capsule issues, NASA reveals
- NASA announced a delay in the return flight of astronauts aboard Boeing's Starliner spacecraft to at least late March 2025.
- The delay is due to the completion of a new Dragon spacecraft by SpaceX for the Crew-10 mission.
- Boeing's Starliner crew-delivery vehicle experienced thruster issues on its approach to the International Space Station (ISS), resulting in a three-month delay in its return.
- The Crew-10 mission will carry four crew members, who will join the current ISS crew for a handover period before returning to Earth.
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Guardian
7d
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Image Credit: Guardian
Nasa astronauts stuck in space since June face further delay
- Two NASA astronauts and a Russian cosmonaut, who have been stuck in space since June, will have to remain at the International Space Station (ISS) even longer.
- Their mission, originally scheduled for eight days, will now be extended to more than nine months.
- NASA announced that the astronauts will return to Earth following the arrival of Crew-10, which has been delayed until late March 2025.
- The delay is due to the need to complete processing on a new Dragon spacecraft for the mission.
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