A naukri.com initiative
Bio News
Bioengineer
4d
92
Image Credit: Bioengineer
Developed compiler acceleration technology for quantum computers
- Researchers from National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, RIKEN, Tokyo University of Science, and University of Tokyo have developed a probabilistic method for finding the optimal quantum gate sequence for quantum computers using a new compilation method.
- This new method reduces the time to search for quantum gate sequence by several orders of magnitude and has been confirmed and demonstrated using Fugaku supercomputer.
- The method is expected to speed up quantum computer compilers and improve the performance of quantum computer devices.
- It can also help optimize quantum information processing at quantum relay nodes and facilitate the reduction of environmental impact.
- The research team introduced a probabilistic method that can efficiently search for the optimal quantum gate sequence within the execution time and computational resources.
- The quantum gate sequence consists of 1-qubit gates and 2-qubit gates, and the best sequence is the one with the fewest gates and shows the best performance.
- This new method is expected to become a useful tool for practical quantum computers and speed up quantum computer compilers.
- The research team aims to integrate the results with machine learning approaches to optimize the performance of quantum computers.
- The research was published in the American scientific journal Physical Review A.
- This technology may contribute to quantum information processing at quantum nodes that support the quantum internet.
Read Full Article
5 Likes
Bioengineer
4d
238
Image Credit: Bioengineer
Princeton physicists reveal the microscopic basis of a new form of quantum magnetism
- Physicists from Princeton University have gained new insights into kinetics magnetism, a form of magnetism that is driven by the motion of impurities in atomic arrays.
- The team used ultracold atoms bound in an artificial laser-built lattice to directly image the microscopic object responsible.
- This object is an unusual type of polaron or quasiparticle that emerges in an interacting quantum system.
- The system makes use of a technique called 'doping', which either removes some particles, thereby leaving 'holes' in the lattice, or adds extra particles, thereby making the lattice denser.
- This system has allowed the researchers to explore the finely-grained physics that gives rise to kinetic magnetism.
- The researchers found that the objects responsible for this new form of magnetism are a new type of magnetic polaron.
- This new form of magnetism has far-reaching implications in condensed matter physics and could lead to understanding the mechanisms for hole dopants to pair up, resulting in superconductivity at high temperatures.
- The experimental work was supported by the National Science Foundation, the Army Research Office and the David and Lucile Packard Foundation.
- The study, 'Directly imaging spin polarons in a kinetically frustrated Hubbard system,' was published on May 8, 2024 in the journal Nature.
- Other members of the team are Zoe Yan, now at the University of Chicago, and theorists Ivan Morera, University of Barcelona, Spain, and Eugene Demler, Institute of Theoretical Physics in Zurich, Switzerland.
Read Full Article
14 Likes
Medium
4d
32
Image Credit: Medium
Kiran Mazumdar Shaw: Pioneering India’s Biotech Revolution
- Kiran Mazumdar Shaw founded Biocon Limited in 1978, propelling it to become a global leader in biotechnology and pharmaceuticals.
- Under her leadership, Biocon has achieved significant milestones in the development of biologics for chronic diseases.
- Kiran Mazumdar Shaw has received numerous accolades and awards for her contributions to entrepreneurship and leadership.
- She is actively involved in philanthropic endeavors, focusing on healthcare, education, and environmental conservation.
Read Full Article
1 Like
Medium
4d
383
Sample Preparation Market Is Expected To Exhibit Significant Growth Over 2031
- The sample preparation market is expected to exhibit significant growth over the forecast period.
- Factors contributing to the market growth include increasing R&D investment in biotechnology, advancements in next-generation sequencing, and the need for accuracy in laboratory analysis.
- Automation in medical and research institutes has positively influenced the sample preparation industry, leading to increased efficiency through the use of advanced automated liquid handling tools.
- High setup costs and complexities in operations of liquid handling instruments, as well as lack of research initiatives in developing countries, are hindering market growth.
Read Full Article
23 Likes
Discover more
Medium
4d
129
Image Credit: Medium
Biopharmaceutical Market Shows Remarkable Growth Amidst Technological Advancement
- The Biopharmaceuticals Market is predicted to reach $ 974.48 billion by 2030 with a CAGR of 11.7% from 2024–2030.
- Biopharmaceuticals offer targeted therapies with enhanced efficacy and safety profiles compared to traditional small molecule drugs.
- North America holds the largest share of the biopharmaceuticals market, driven by a strong intellectual property system and research funding.
- Key market players in the biopharmaceuticals market include Abbott, Amgen, Biogen, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Johnson & Johnson, Merck Group, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, and Moderna.
Read Full Article
7 Likes
Medium
4d
287
Image Credit: Medium
Dialysis Market: A Promising Future Amidst Innovation and Demand
- The global Dialysis Market size was valued at $ 111.7 Billion in 2023 and is predicted to reach USD 145.07 Billion by 2030, with a CAGR of 4% from 2024 to 2030.
- Factors contributing to this upward trajectory include: ongoing technological innovations, demographic shifts, and healthcare reforms.
- Market players are focusing on strategies such as collaboration, innovation, and a commitment to patient-centric care.
- Key stakeholders within the dialysis market, including manufacturers, healthcare providers, policymakers, and investors, are actively collaborating to capitalize on emerging opportunities and address evolving challenges.
Read Full Article
17 Likes
Bioengineer
4d
81
Image Credit: Bioengineer
Saturated soils could impact survival of young trees planted to address climate change
- Saturated soil conditions resulting from increased rainfall in the UK's upland regions could impact the survival of young trees planted for climate change mitigation.
- Researchers from the University of Plymouth found that higher soil water levels in areas like Dartmoor, the Lake District, and the Scottish Highlands could significantly reduce the survival rates of acorns and juvenile oak saplings.
- The study emphasizes the importance of considering soil conditions when planning the creation of future temperate rainforests.
- The research provides valuable information for landowners, land managers, and policymakers to choose appropriate tree species for more resilient rainforests in the future.
Read Full Article
4 Likes
Bioengineer
4d
372
Image Credit: Bioengineer
Understanding the crucial role of information delivery in improving citizen perceptions of government policy: insights from Kyoto City
- Understanding government fiscal policy can be complex, leaving citizens without a complete picture.
- Kyoto City has been facing financial difficulties due to declining tax revenues and rising government spending.
- A study in Kyoto City identified factors affecting citizens' perception of government fiscal policy.
- The study emphasizes the benefits of transparent communication and citizen engagement in improving perceptions of government policies.
Read Full Article
22 Likes
Bioengineer
4d
20
Image Credit: Bioengineer
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute announces Reid Wiseman as Bicentennial Commencement Speaker and will award its first posthumous honorary degree to Emily Warren Roebling
- Astronaut and Artemis II Commander Reid Wiseman ’97 has been announced as the speaker for Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute's Bicentennial Commencement celebrations.
- RPI will also be awarding its first posthumous honorary degree to Emily Warren Roebling, who led the construction of the Brooklyn Bridge to completion.
- Wiseman will be receiving an honorary Doctor of Engineering degree at the ceremony.
- He will talk about humanity’s return to the moon as a leader in the Artemis Program.
- Wiseman spent 165 days on the International Space Station in 2014.
- He and Emily Warren Roebling will engage with the RPI community, members of the public, and each other during the Bicentennial Commencement Colloquy held May 17.
- Roebling, who led bridge construction to completion upon her husband Washington Roebling's illness, will receive the posthumous degree.
- Generative AI experts and acting talents will present Emily Warren Roebling at the Colloquy after being carefully planned by an RPI team.
- Roebling descendants Antoinette Maniatty and Kriss Roebling will accept the posthumous honorary degree on Emily Roebling’s behalf at the ceremony.
- Founded in 1824, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute is recognised as a premier university, noted for its robust and holistic learning community that connects creativity with science and technology.
Read Full Article
1 Like
Bioengineer
4d
82
Image Credit: Bioengineer
‘Digital afterlife’: call for safeguards to prevent unwanted ‘hauntings’ by AI chatbots of dead loved ones
- Griefbots and Deadbots are AI chatbots that simulate the language patterns and personality traits of the dead using the digital footprints they leave behind.
- AI ethicists from Cambridge's Leverhulme Centre for the Future of Intelligence report that AI chatbots could cause psychological harm and digitally haunt those left behind without design safety protocols.
- Researchers outline three design scenarios for platforms that could emerge as part of the developing 'digital afterlife industry', to show the potential consequences of careless design in an area of AI they describe as 'high risk'.
- Some companies already offer services for creating “postmortem presence” of lost loved ones using chatbots, and the expansion of this technology raises concern.
- Design protocols need to prevent deadbots being utilized in disrespectful ways, such as for advertising or having an active presence on social media.
- Those who take initial comfort from a deadbot may become drained by daily interactions that become an “overwhelming emotional weight” and may also be powerless to have an AI simulation suspended if their now-deceased loved one signed a lengthy contract with a digital afterlife service.
- Age restrictions for deadbots and “meaningful transparency” to ensure users are consistently aware that they are interacting with an AI were also recommended by researchers.
- The potential psychological effect of unwanted digital hauntings from alarmingly accurate AI recreations of those already lost could be devastating.
- Rapid advancements in generative AI mean that nearly anyone with Internet access and some basic know-how can revive a deceased loved one.
- The researchers call for design teams to prioritise opt-out protocols that allow potential users terminate their relationships with deadbots in ways that provide emotional closure.
Read Full Article
4 Likes
Bioengineer
4d
312
Image Credit: Bioengineer
New technology changes how proteins in individual cells are studied
- Researchers have developed a technique called molecular pixelation to map proteins in individual cells.
- The technique allows the measurement of protein amounts, distribution in the cell's membrane, and interaction between proteins.
- Previous methods could only study a limited number of proteins, while molecular pixelation can analyze hundreds simultaneously.
- This technology has potential applications in understanding diseases, evaluating drugs, and advancing single-cell analysis.
Read Full Article
18 Likes
Bioengineer
4d
109
Image Credit: Bioengineer
‘Wraparound’ implants represent new approach to treating spinal cord injuries
- Researchers from the University of Cambridge have developed flexible electronic devices that wrap around the spinal cord and bypass complete spinal cord injuries, which can cause profound disability and paralysis.
- Cambridge-developed devices could lead to spinal injury treatments that would not require high-risk brain surgery.
- Tests in live animals and human cadaver models showed the devices could also stimulate limb movement and record 360-degree information.
- Current approaches for treating spinal injuries involve piercing the spinal cord with electrodes and placing implants in the brain.
- The devices could help in monitoring spinal cord activity during surgery and lead to improved treatments for chronic pain, inflammation and hypertension.
- The devices are biocompatible, a few millionths of a metre thick, and require minimal power to function.
- Researchers developed a way to gain information from the whole spine using photolithography and thin-film deposition techniques.
- The devices intercept the signals travelling along the axons of the spinal cord and cause no damage to the nerves.
- The devices are inserted under the spinal cord, without causing any damage to it.
- The research was funded by the Royal College of Surgeons, the Academy of Medical Sciences, Health Education England, the National Institute for Health Research, and UKRI's EPSRC.
Read Full Article
6 Likes
Bioengineer
4d
12
Image Credit: Bioengineer
USC study reveals role of iron in allergic asthma and points to potential new therapies
- New USC research reveals that iron triggers an overreaction from immune cells, causing inflammation and a tightening of the airways, during an allergic asthma attack.
- Researchers found that group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are dependent on iron to generate energy, and by blocking or limiting iron uptake in ILC2s, the severity of asthma symptoms, such as excessive inflammation, can be reduced during an acute attack.
- According to the researchers, steroids inhalers and pills can control symptoms to keep patients alive, but they are not attacking the underlying biology of the disease.
- The researchers used both human cells and mouse models for the study, and found that ILC2s use iron to fuel a range of cellular processes, and preventing iron uptake in ILC2s reduced the severity of asthma symptoms in mice.
- Limited cellular iron availability in mouse models showed less lung inflammation and airway hyperactivity, which are key features of asthma compared to a control group.
- The study results could potentially lead to the development of a new therapy for allergic asthma that addresses the disease's underlying cause, unlike steroid treatments.
- The findings could also help provide relief for other allergic diseases, including eczema, dermatitis, hay fever, rhinitis, and food allergies, in which ILC2 cells become hyperactive.
- The researchers aim to find a way to target ILC2 cells in the lungs to reduce iron uptake locally without impacting other systems in the body.
- The research team worked closely with the Keck School's department of medicine, testing their findings in human cells to ensure they can move from the lab to the clinic as quickly as possible.
- The research was supported by the National Institutes of Health.
Read Full Article
Like
Bioengineer
4d
215
Image Credit: Bioengineer
Strengthening CAR-T therapy to work against solid tumors
- CAR-T cell therapy, which supercharges the immune system to identify and attack cancer cells, can be adapted to treat solid tumors. Scientists at the National Cancer Institute-designated Montefiore Einstein Comprehensive Cancer Center created five CAR-T therapies that they tested on mice implanted with several types of solid human tumors. One of the therapies proved superior in safely and effectively shrinking not only glioblastoma and pancreatic tumors but lung cancer tumors as well.
- Dr. Zang and his colleagues achieved success against solid tumors by altering two of the key proteins that the CARs contain. The CARs recognize specific proteins, known as antigens, that protrude from cancer cells. Dr. Zang and his colleagues changed the antigens so that the T cells could attack solid tumors.
- All five CAR-T therapies developed by the Zang team used the same novel targeting protein: a monoclonal antibody that binds to B7-H3, a cancer-cell antigen widely expressed on most solid tumors and their blood vessels.
- Four of the five CAR-T cell therapies developed by Dr. Zang’s lab used previously deployed costimulatory proteins. But their fifth therapy used a protein never before tried in CAR-T cell therapy. In 2015, Dr. Zang discovered that T cells possess a receptor he called TMIGD2 that activates T cells when stimulated. He later realized that incorporating TMIGD2 into CAR-T cells would help them overcome the challenges posed by solid tumors.
- The researchers tested these novel CAR-T therapies on mice bearing three solid human tumors: pancreatic, lung, and glioblastoma. The CAR-T therapy with (a protein called) TOP CAR proved best at keeping mice with pancreatic, lung, and glioblastoma tumors alive.
- Dr. Zang plans to further develop eight types of solid tumors and move his novel TOP CAR therapy into clinical trials in the near future.
- Montefiore Einstein Cancer Center (MECC) is a national leader in cancer research and care located in the ethnically diverse and economically disadvantaged borough of the Bronx, N.Y. Its mission is to reduce the burden of cancer for all, especially people from historically marginalized communities.
- MECC combines the exceptional science of Albert Einstein College of Medicine with the multidisciplinary and team-based approach to cancer care of Montefiore Health System. MECC is redefining excellence in cancer research, clinical care, education and training, and community outreach and engagement.
- Dr. Zang is an inventor of a pending patent on monoclonal antibodies against the IgV domain of B7-H3 and uses thereof.
- Dr. Zang has developed two other anti-cancer drugs that are being evaluated in phase 1 and phase 2 clinical trials in the United States and other countries.
Read Full Article
12 Likes
Medium
4d
317
Image Credit: Medium
Advancements in Biotechnology: High Throughput B Cell Screening-Alpha Lifetech
- High throughput B cell screening is a powerful tool for identifying antibodies with desired specificities.
- B cell antibody production involves cloning and expressing antibody genes for further development.
- Single-cell sequencing helps analyze the diversity and heterogeneity of B-cell populations.
- These techniques have broad applications in biotechnology, medicine, and research.
Read Full Article
19 Likes
For uninterrupted reading, download the app