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Liquid Handling Systems Market Is Expected To Exhibit Significant Growth Over 2031
- The liquid handling systems market is expected to exhibit significant growth over 2031.
- Various launches and funding by key players are supporting market growth.
- Tecan and UgenTec announced a collaboration to develop a fully integrated sample-to-result solution.
- The partnership aims to provide high throughput solutions for molecular testing.
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Unveiling the Future: A Journey Through Biotech, AI, and Genetics
- Villagers in a tale turned to AI, much like companies today, to predict planting strategies.
- Lysander overcomes challenges with the help of predictive genetics, similar to personalized medicine.
- Collaboration between biotech, AI, and genetics promises a harmonious future where technology and nature coexist.
- Exploration of these fields leads to a sustainable future and advancements that benefit all forms of life.
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Transforming common soft magnets into a next-generation thermoelectric conversion materials by 3 minutes heat treatment
- A research team from NIMS and Nagoya University has transformed an iron-based amorphous alloy into a transverse thermoelectric conversion material through short heat treatment.
- This development highlights the importance of microstructure engineering in the development of transverse thermoelectric conversion materials and provides new design guidelines for environmentally friendly power generation and thermal management technologies.
- The use of transverse thermoelectric effects in magnetic materials simplifies the structure of thermoelectric conversion devices, leading to enhanced versatility, durability, and cost reduction.
- The team's research demonstrated that a three-minute heat treatment significantly improves the performance of the anomalous Nernst effect in the alloy, influenced by nano-sized copper precipitates within the material.
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Native architecture of a human GBP1 defense complex for cell-autonomous immunity to infection
- This paper presents groundbreaking findings on the structure and function of the human guanylate-binding protein 1 (GBP1) “coatomer” — a massive antimicrobial complex that assembles around cytosolic bacteria inside human cells.
- GBP1 rapidly polymerizes into a supramolecular coat on the surface of virulent bacteria, triggering cytokine release and pyroptotic cell death.
- Using cryo-electron tomography, the native structure of the GBP1 coatomer was visualized, revealing thousands of extended GBP1 molecules inserting into the bacterial outer membrane.
- The GBP1 coatomer acts as a signaling hub, recruiting other proteins to trigger innate immune responses and antimicrobial defense.
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NASA selects UF mission to better track the Earth’s water and ice
- NASA has selected the GRATTIS mission, which is being pursued by a team of engineers from the University of Florida, to explore changes in Earth's structures. GRATTIS will use state-of-the-art sensors to measure nanometer-scale gravitational changes. The project will enable water and ice movement across the planet. The new mission closely aligns with the UF Space Institute's vision to advance space science with various space-related research across disciplines.
- GRATTIS will demonstrate sensors that measure tiny gravitational forces from space to monitor movements on Earth's surface and interior. The project is essential for tracking changes in Earth's structures, so we may understand tectonic plates and oceans better. The $12m mission specifically aims to improve how we track structural changes on Earth.
- The team led by principal investigator John Conklin, Ph.D., will finalize the sensor technology and integrate it into the spacecraft in the next few years. The spacecraft is expected to launch on SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket, with UF handling subsequent operations in 2027.
- UF is working to contribute vital insights into water and ice movement on our planet, which will allow us to better monitor droughts, assess groundwater reserves, and more accurately understand the impact of melting ice sheets on sea levels.
- The GRATTIS mission, which was the only proposal selected in a national competition, involves a collaborative effort between researchers from the University of Florida, Texas A&M University, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, and industry partners such as CrossTrac Engineering, BAE Systems, Fibertek Inc., and Apex Space.
- GRATTIS is significant for the UF aerospace programme, which has already spearheaded advancements in space propulsion and gravitational wave instrumentation. This mission is a testament to the dedication and collaboration of researchers at various universities and industry partners.
- NASA expects the GRATTIS mission to pave the way for future Earth science missions, with implications extending well into the coming decades. The project is poised to contribute to advances in human understanding of Earth’s dynamic processes.
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Can Wikipedia-like citations on YouTube curb misinformation?
- University of Washington researchers created a browser extension, Viblio, that allows viewers and creators to add Wikipedia-like citations to YouTube videos, in order to help people vet videos for credibility
- The Viblio tool offers users an alternate timeline, studded with notes and links to sources that support, refute or expand on the information presented in the video
- The links also appear in a list view, similar to the references section at the end of Wikipedia articles
- The team found that in one case a participant misinterpreted a YouTube information panel as an endorsement of the video from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- The Viblio tool is not currently available to the public
- Users can add a citation by clicking a button on the extension and can select the type of citation, which marks it with a colored dot: red for refutes the video clip's claim, green for supports the video clip's claim, or blue for provides further explanation
- The team found that many users cited signs of a video's potentially faulty credibility, including the quality of the video, the user's degree of interest in it, its ranking in search results, its length and the number of views or subscribers
- Some participants added citations and other participants watch videos with those citations. For many, the added citations changed their opinion of certain videos' credibility
- The researchers however highlighted challenges at scale, such as conflicts that arise in highly political videos or those on controversial topics that don't fall into true-false binaries, and bad actors potentially adding misinformation
- The team plans to expand Viblio to other video platforms and study its useability at a larger scale to see whether users are motivated enough to continue adding citations
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Good vibrations: New tech may lead to smaller, more powerful wireless devices
- A new class of synthetic materials could revolutionize wireless technologies, thanks to phononics, which takes advantage of the vibrational 'particles' that transmit mechanical vibrations through a material, called phonons. Published in Nature Materials, the University of Arizona and Sandia National Laboratories have made significant development strides using synthetic materials by generating giant nonlinear interactions, offering the possibility of making wireless devices more powerful while using less power and signal strength. The researchers demonstrated one beam of phonons can change the frequency of another beam and that phonons can be manipulated in ways that could only be realised with transistor-based electronics. If applied, this could open the door to electronic devices with better signal coverage and longer battery life.
- Acoustic waves (which transmit sound waves) were used and manipulated in devices made with highly specialised semiconductor materials and piezoelectric materials that aren't usually combined. It's hoped that having all the components needed to make a radio frequency front end on a single chip could shrink devices such as cellphones to a factor of 100. The researchers took a silicon wafer with a thin layer of lithium niobate and added an ultra-thin layer of a semiconductor containing indium gallium arsenide to make use of high-performance tech for sending/receiving radio waves that's smaller than has ever been possible. The acoustic waves moving through the materials causes them to behave nonlinearly, which can change frequencies and encode information.
- The new developments provide evidence for the viability of using sound-waves or phonons in place of electrons to process information and transfer data, as the technology limits and the required resources for sound-wave based processes continue to decrease. To make sound-wave devices, it would require a standard microprocessor manufacturing process, which would make the final product cheaper and simpler to produce than other radiofrequency signal processors.
- As piezoelectric filters cannot be made out of the same materials as other important chips in front-end processors like silicon, the physical size of devices is much larger than it could be. Along with the losses from going from radio waves to sound waves that add up, this degrades performance. Nonlinear phononics refers to what happens in special materials when phonons interact more strongly than in conventional materials. With these new materials, the team has made the last piece of the puzzle.
- Having all the components needed to make a radio frequency front end on a single chip could shrink devices such as cellphones to a factor of a 100, according to the study, which used highly specialised material to generate giant non-linear interactions. The study combined piezoelectric and semiconductor materials to make the case for sound-waves in place of electronics to process information and transfer data.
- Synthetic materials created by the research team caused the phonons to interact with one another much more strongly than in any conventional material. The team was able to manipulate the phonons in artificial materials in a way that had, until now, only been possible with transistor-based electronics.
- A new class of phononics synthetic materials have been created that could herald the next revolution of wireless technologies, enabling devices to be smaller, require less signal strength and use less power. Researchers achieved a proof of principle by combining highly specialized materials into microelectronics-sized devices through which they sent acoustic waves.
- Acoustic waves around devices that combine specialized semiconductor and piezoelectric materials caused the devices to behave in nonlinear ways, which can be used to change frequencies and encode information. If applied, this new technology could open the door to electronic devices with better signal coverage and longer battery life.
- Nonlinear phononics refers to the way in which phonons interact in special materials. In conventional materials, it is much more linear. The researchers have demonstrated what they call 'giant phononic nonlinearities'.
- The researchers took a silicon wafer with a thin layer of lithium niobate, added an ultra-thin layer of a semiconductor containing indium gallium arsenide and were able to experimentally access a new regime of phononic nonlinearity. Normally, these particles behave in a completely linear fashion and don't interact. However, with these materials, phonons interact much more strongly than in conventional materials.
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NSF awards $630,000 to study teeth of non-human primates
- The National Science Foundation has awarded $630,444 to Kathleen Paul, an assistant professor of anthropology at the University of Arkansas.
- The research aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of dental genetic architecture in two primate species.
- The team will study skeletonized individuals from collections of known lineage, without using live animals.
- The study will contribute to advancements in bioanthropological practice and help reconstruct evolutionary processes using teeth.
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During peak of COVID-19 some lacked access to safe water and lavatories
- Access to safe water, sanitation, and hygiene very low by international standards and lower than national averages in the U.S. and Mexico for people who inject drugs and live in San Diego and Tijuana.
- Researchers interviewed 586 people between 2020 and 2021, when COVID-19 infection was highest and when having access to water, showers, and toilets should have been a public health priority.
- Twenty percent of study participants said they felt thirsty daily, without access to drinking water.
- Participants residing in Tijuana reported a lack of access to basic drinking water and body and hand hygiene significantly more often than those living in San Diego.
- Access to water, showers, and toilets was very low for individuals who inject drugs and people experiencing homelessness in San Diego and the bordering city of Tijuana, Mexico during the peak of COVID-19 pandemic.
- 78 percent of individuals interviewed did not have access to an acceptable toilet, 54 percent did not have regular access to showers, and 11 percent reported having insufficient access to drinking water.
- Unsafe water used for preparing drugs or cleaning wounds can lead to life-threatening health problems, including the risk of viral, parasitic, and bacterial infections.
- Providing everyone with access to drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene services is necessary to prevent disease transmission and improve public health in the region.
- Study recommends providing safe and secure places to live with access to safe water and sanitation to improve overall health and wellbeing and expanding access to mobile hygiene services and public restrooms for those who do not have a traditional housing setting.
- The study was funded, in part, by the National Institute of Drug Abuse and was published in the International Journal for Equity in Health.
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Revolutionizing nurse work environment research
- New research from Penn Nursing’s Center for Health Outcomes and Policy Research (CHOPR) has successfully developed a new version of the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index (PES-NWI) that is designed to revolutionize how nurse work environments are measured.
- The new version of PES-NWI, known as PES-5, condenses the original 31 traits across five domains into a version that covers all five domains without sacrificing full survey and assessment's robustness or reliability.
- The PES-5 reduces participant burden without compromising its validity, maintains a strong predictive validity with respect to nurse-reported work environments and patient outcomes, and accurately classifies hospitals with 'better,' 'mixed,' and 'poor' work environments.
- This research will ensure that more hospitals can regularly assess their work environments without overburdening nursing staff, potentially improving nurse satisfaction and patient care quality.
- Dr. Lake, steward of the PES-NWI national quality measure, will add the PES-5 to the national endorsement.
- Co-authors of this article include Penn Nursing’s Jennifer Gil, MSN, RN; Lynne Moronski, PhD, MPA, RN; Karen B. Lasater, PhD, RN, FAAN; Linda H. Aiken, PhD, RN, FAAN, FRCN; and Matthew D. McHugh, PhD, JD, MPH, RN, CRNP, FAAN.
- This study was supported by funding from the National Institute of Nursing Research, Grant/Award Numbers: NINR ‐ T32‐NR‐ 007104, NINR‐2R01NR014855‐06; and the National Council of State Boards of Nursing, Grant/Award Number: NCSBN CRE R201011.
- Penn Nursing is consistently ranked highly in best graduate schools and is ranked as one of the top schools of nursing in funding from the National Institutes of Health.
- The university prepares nurse scientists and nurse leaders to meet the health needs of a global society through innovation in research, education, and practice.
- This new tool will play a significant role in the efficient gathering of data on nursing practice environments that will help hospital managers and policymakers make better decisions.
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A fragment of human brain, mapped
- Harvard and Google researchers have created the largest synaptic-resolution, 3D reconstruction of a piece of human brain tissue.
- The reconstruction shows each cell and its neural connections in a piece of human temporal cortex.
- The ultimate goal is to create a high-resolution map of a whole mouse brain's neural wiring.
- The research provides new insights into brain structure and has potential implications for understanding brain function and disease.
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Transformation of ocean management is underway, study finds
- Marine ecosystem-based management (EBM) is a growing practice of ocean stewardship and conservation, offering benefits to food production, water preservation, recreation, habitation, and storm protection in the Gulf of Maine and beyond.
- Despite being recognized as a keystone practice of ocean stewardship, adoption of EBM has been slow. However, a transformation in ocean management to enable more ecosystem-based approaches is underway.
- A group of researchers and practitioners have investigated the global progress of marine EBM initiatives. They identified impediments to implementation, including governance, stakeholder engagement, support, uncertainty, technology and data, and communication. However, they also found achievable solutions for most of these challenges.
- The study, published in the journal Ocean Sustainability, concludes that progress is occurring in marine ecosystem-based management, and solutions exist to overcome challenges and promote its adoption worldwide.
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Manganese sprinkled with iridium: a quantum leap in green hydrogen production
- Researchers at the RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science in Japan have developed a method that reduces the amount of rare metal iridium needed for green hydrogen production by 95% without affecting the rate of hydrogen production.
- Current green hydrogen production methods rely on catalysts, such as iridium, which is in limited supply. This breakthrough could revolutionize the production of environmentally friendly hydrogen and facilitate the transition to a carbon-neutral hydrogen economy.
- By combining manganese oxide with iridium, the researchers were able to sustain hydrogen production at the same rate as when using iridium alone but with a significant reduction in the amount of iridium required.
- The new catalyst showed continuous hydrogen production for over 3000 hours at 82% efficiency without degradation, making it a promising solution for immediate real-world applications.
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Bioengineer
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Vilcek Foundation appoints Dr. Jedd Wolchok to Board of Directors
- Dr. Jedd Wolchok has been appointed to the board of directors of the Vilcek Foundation, effective May 1, 2024.
- Wolchok is the Meyer Director of the Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center and a professor of medicine at Weill Cornell Medicine in New York.
- He will provide insight and perspective on projects and programs related to immunotherapy, oncology, and biomedicine.
- Wolchok's appointment is expected to contribute to the development of prizes and programs at the Vilcek Foundation.
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Deep learning-based whole-body PSMA PET/CT attenuation correction utilizing Pix-2-Pix GAN
- Researchers have developed a Pix-2-Pix GAN model for attenuation correction on whole-body PSMA PET images.
- The AI tool aims to reduce the need for low-dose CT scans during treatment follow-ups for oncology patients.
- The deep learning algorithm was trained on 18F-DCFPyL PSMA PET-CT studies from 302 prostate cancer patients.
- The model demonstrated high correlation and clinical potential for reducing CT scan requirements while preserving image quality and quantitative markers.
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