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Biopharmaceutical Market Shows Remarkable Growth Amidst Technological Advancement
- The Biopharmaceuticals Market is predicted to reach $ 974.48 billion by 2030 with a CAGR of 11.7% from 2024–2030.
- Biopharmaceuticals offer targeted therapies with enhanced efficacy and safety profiles compared to traditional small molecule drugs.
- North America holds the largest share of the biopharmaceuticals market, driven by a strong intellectual property system and research funding.
- Key market players in the biopharmaceuticals market include Abbott, Amgen, Biogen, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Johnson & Johnson, Merck Group, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, and Moderna.
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Medium
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Dialysis Market: A Promising Future Amidst Innovation and Demand
- The global Dialysis Market size was valued at $ 111.7 Billion in 2023 and is predicted to reach USD 145.07 Billion by 2030, with a CAGR of 4% from 2024 to 2030.
- Factors contributing to this upward trajectory include: ongoing technological innovations, demographic shifts, and healthcare reforms.
- Market players are focusing on strategies such as collaboration, innovation, and a commitment to patient-centric care.
- Key stakeholders within the dialysis market, including manufacturers, healthcare providers, policymakers, and investors, are actively collaborating to capitalize on emerging opportunities and address evolving challenges.
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Bioengineer
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Saturated soils could impact survival of young trees planted to address climate change
- Saturated soil conditions resulting from increased rainfall in the UK's upland regions could impact the survival of young trees planted for climate change mitigation.
- Researchers from the University of Plymouth found that higher soil water levels in areas like Dartmoor, the Lake District, and the Scottish Highlands could significantly reduce the survival rates of acorns and juvenile oak saplings.
- The study emphasizes the importance of considering soil conditions when planning the creation of future temperate rainforests.
- The research provides valuable information for landowners, land managers, and policymakers to choose appropriate tree species for more resilient rainforests in the future.
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Bioengineer
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Understanding the crucial role of information delivery in improving citizen perceptions of government policy: insights from Kyoto City
- Understanding government fiscal policy can be complex, leaving citizens without a complete picture.
- Kyoto City has been facing financial difficulties due to declining tax revenues and rising government spending.
- A study in Kyoto City identified factors affecting citizens' perception of government fiscal policy.
- The study emphasizes the benefits of transparent communication and citizen engagement in improving perceptions of government policies.
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Bioengineer
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Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute announces Reid Wiseman as Bicentennial Commencement Speaker and will award its first posthumous honorary degree to Emily Warren Roebling
- Astronaut and Artemis II Commander Reid Wiseman ’97 has been announced as the speaker for Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute's Bicentennial Commencement celebrations.
- RPI will also be awarding its first posthumous honorary degree to Emily Warren Roebling, who led the construction of the Brooklyn Bridge to completion.
- Wiseman will be receiving an honorary Doctor of Engineering degree at the ceremony.
- He will talk about humanity’s return to the moon as a leader in the Artemis Program.
- Wiseman spent 165 days on the International Space Station in 2014.
- He and Emily Warren Roebling will engage with the RPI community, members of the public, and each other during the Bicentennial Commencement Colloquy held May 17.
- Roebling, who led bridge construction to completion upon her husband Washington Roebling's illness, will receive the posthumous degree.
- Generative AI experts and acting talents will present Emily Warren Roebling at the Colloquy after being carefully planned by an RPI team.
- Roebling descendants Antoinette Maniatty and Kriss Roebling will accept the posthumous honorary degree on Emily Roebling’s behalf at the ceremony.
- Founded in 1824, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute is recognised as a premier university, noted for its robust and holistic learning community that connects creativity with science and technology.
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Bioengineer
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‘Digital afterlife’: call for safeguards to prevent unwanted ‘hauntings’ by AI chatbots of dead loved ones
- Griefbots and Deadbots are AI chatbots that simulate the language patterns and personality traits of the dead using the digital footprints they leave behind.
- AI ethicists from Cambridge's Leverhulme Centre for the Future of Intelligence report that AI chatbots could cause psychological harm and digitally haunt those left behind without design safety protocols.
- Researchers outline three design scenarios for platforms that could emerge as part of the developing 'digital afterlife industry', to show the potential consequences of careless design in an area of AI they describe as 'high risk'.
- Some companies already offer services for creating “postmortem presence” of lost loved ones using chatbots, and the expansion of this technology raises concern.
- Design protocols need to prevent deadbots being utilized in disrespectful ways, such as for advertising or having an active presence on social media.
- Those who take initial comfort from a deadbot may become drained by daily interactions that become an “overwhelming emotional weight” and may also be powerless to have an AI simulation suspended if their now-deceased loved one signed a lengthy contract with a digital afterlife service.
- Age restrictions for deadbots and “meaningful transparency” to ensure users are consistently aware that they are interacting with an AI were also recommended by researchers.
- The potential psychological effect of unwanted digital hauntings from alarmingly accurate AI recreations of those already lost could be devastating.
- Rapid advancements in generative AI mean that nearly anyone with Internet access and some basic know-how can revive a deceased loved one.
- The researchers call for design teams to prioritise opt-out protocols that allow potential users terminate their relationships with deadbots in ways that provide emotional closure.
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Bioengineer
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New technology changes how proteins in individual cells are studied
- Researchers have developed a technique called molecular pixelation to map proteins in individual cells.
- The technique allows the measurement of protein amounts, distribution in the cell's membrane, and interaction between proteins.
- Previous methods could only study a limited number of proteins, while molecular pixelation can analyze hundreds simultaneously.
- This technology has potential applications in understanding diseases, evaluating drugs, and advancing single-cell analysis.
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Bioengineer
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‘Wraparound’ implants represent new approach to treating spinal cord injuries
- Researchers from the University of Cambridge have developed flexible electronic devices that wrap around the spinal cord and bypass complete spinal cord injuries, which can cause profound disability and paralysis.
- Cambridge-developed devices could lead to spinal injury treatments that would not require high-risk brain surgery.
- Tests in live animals and human cadaver models showed the devices could also stimulate limb movement and record 360-degree information.
- Current approaches for treating spinal injuries involve piercing the spinal cord with electrodes and placing implants in the brain.
- The devices could help in monitoring spinal cord activity during surgery and lead to improved treatments for chronic pain, inflammation and hypertension.
- The devices are biocompatible, a few millionths of a metre thick, and require minimal power to function.
- Researchers developed a way to gain information from the whole spine using photolithography and thin-film deposition techniques.
- The devices intercept the signals travelling along the axons of the spinal cord and cause no damage to the nerves.
- The devices are inserted under the spinal cord, without causing any damage to it.
- The research was funded by the Royal College of Surgeons, the Academy of Medical Sciences, Health Education England, the National Institute for Health Research, and UKRI's EPSRC.
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Bioengineer
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USC study reveals role of iron in allergic asthma and points to potential new therapies
- New USC research reveals that iron triggers an overreaction from immune cells, causing inflammation and a tightening of the airways, during an allergic asthma attack.
- Researchers found that group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are dependent on iron to generate energy, and by blocking or limiting iron uptake in ILC2s, the severity of asthma symptoms, such as excessive inflammation, can be reduced during an acute attack.
- According to the researchers, steroids inhalers and pills can control symptoms to keep patients alive, but they are not attacking the underlying biology of the disease.
- The researchers used both human cells and mouse models for the study, and found that ILC2s use iron to fuel a range of cellular processes, and preventing iron uptake in ILC2s reduced the severity of asthma symptoms in mice.
- Limited cellular iron availability in mouse models showed less lung inflammation and airway hyperactivity, which are key features of asthma compared to a control group.
- The study results could potentially lead to the development of a new therapy for allergic asthma that addresses the disease's underlying cause, unlike steroid treatments.
- The findings could also help provide relief for other allergic diseases, including eczema, dermatitis, hay fever, rhinitis, and food allergies, in which ILC2 cells become hyperactive.
- The researchers aim to find a way to target ILC2 cells in the lungs to reduce iron uptake locally without impacting other systems in the body.
- The research team worked closely with the Keck School's department of medicine, testing their findings in human cells to ensure they can move from the lab to the clinic as quickly as possible.
- The research was supported by the National Institutes of Health.
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Bioengineer
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Strengthening CAR-T therapy to work against solid tumors
- CAR-T cell therapy, which supercharges the immune system to identify and attack cancer cells, can be adapted to treat solid tumors. Scientists at the National Cancer Institute-designated Montefiore Einstein Comprehensive Cancer Center created five CAR-T therapies that they tested on mice implanted with several types of solid human tumors. One of the therapies proved superior in safely and effectively shrinking not only glioblastoma and pancreatic tumors but lung cancer tumors as well.
- Dr. Zang and his colleagues achieved success against solid tumors by altering two of the key proteins that the CARs contain. The CARs recognize specific proteins, known as antigens, that protrude from cancer cells. Dr. Zang and his colleagues changed the antigens so that the T cells could attack solid tumors.
- All five CAR-T therapies developed by the Zang team used the same novel targeting protein: a monoclonal antibody that binds to B7-H3, a cancer-cell antigen widely expressed on most solid tumors and their blood vessels.
- Four of the five CAR-T cell therapies developed by Dr. Zang’s lab used previously deployed costimulatory proteins. But their fifth therapy used a protein never before tried in CAR-T cell therapy. In 2015, Dr. Zang discovered that T cells possess a receptor he called TMIGD2 that activates T cells when stimulated. He later realized that incorporating TMIGD2 into CAR-T cells would help them overcome the challenges posed by solid tumors.
- The researchers tested these novel CAR-T therapies on mice bearing three solid human tumors: pancreatic, lung, and glioblastoma. The CAR-T therapy with (a protein called) TOP CAR proved best at keeping mice with pancreatic, lung, and glioblastoma tumors alive.
- Dr. Zang plans to further develop eight types of solid tumors and move his novel TOP CAR therapy into clinical trials in the near future.
- Montefiore Einstein Cancer Center (MECC) is a national leader in cancer research and care located in the ethnically diverse and economically disadvantaged borough of the Bronx, N.Y. Its mission is to reduce the burden of cancer for all, especially people from historically marginalized communities.
- MECC combines the exceptional science of Albert Einstein College of Medicine with the multidisciplinary and team-based approach to cancer care of Montefiore Health System. MECC is redefining excellence in cancer research, clinical care, education and training, and community outreach and engagement.
- Dr. Zang is an inventor of a pending patent on monoclonal antibodies against the IgV domain of B7-H3 and uses thereof.
- Dr. Zang has developed two other anti-cancer drugs that are being evaluated in phase 1 and phase 2 clinical trials in the United States and other countries.
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Medium
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Advancements in Biotechnology: High Throughput B Cell Screening-Alpha Lifetech
- High throughput B cell screening is a powerful tool for identifying antibodies with desired specificities.
- B cell antibody production involves cloning and expressing antibody genes for further development.
- Single-cell sequencing helps analyze the diversity and heterogeneity of B-cell populations.
- These techniques have broad applications in biotechnology, medicine, and research.
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Bioengineer
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UT Institute of Agriculture invests in premier poultry research facility
- The University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture is investing in the construction of a state-of-the-art poultry research and education facility in Spring Hill.
- The facility will consist of four broiler production houses, a research and teaching lab, and office spaces.
- The facility aims to support the university's land-grant mission of teaching, research, and practical application in the poultry industry.
- The construction is expected to be completed by 2025, and the facility will house approximately 160,000 broiler chickens.
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Bioengineer
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Federico Rosei: international recognition for a researcher at the forefront of his field
- Federico Rosei, a professor at the Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS), has been recognized as a Materials Research Society (MRS) Fellow 2024 for his research and mentoring efforts in nanotechnology.
- He is the first researcher in Quebec and the third in Canada to receive this honor.
- The MRS is a leading professional society in the field of advanced materials, and Fellows are recognized for their significant contributions to the field.
- Professor Rosei's work in characterizing nanomaterials and integrating them into optoelectronic devices has earned him international recognition.
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Bioengineer
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Mount Sinai scientists unravel how psychedelic drugs interact with serotonin receptors to potentially produce therapeutic benefits
- Researchers from Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai have uncovered the complex mechanisms by which psychedelic drugs can potentially improve the lives of patients with neuropsychiatric disorders.
- The research analysed how a class of psychedelic drugs binds to and activates serotonin receptors in the brain.
- In particular, the study uncovered how certain psychedelic drugs interact with a serotonin receptor called 5-HT1A to produce therapeutic benefits in animal models.
- Psychedelic drugs like LSD and psilocybin have been gaining traction in clinical trials, although researchers don't yet fully understand how they trigger their therapeutic effects.
- This breakthrough study has shed new light on the subject, paving the way for novel psychedelic-related medications without hallucinogenic properties.
- The researchers tested 5-MeO-DMT derivatives in cell signalling assays and cryo-electron microscopy to understand how to create a compound that primarily wil trigger 5-HT1A over 5-HT2A.
- The lead compound, a selective 5-HT1A analog to 5-MeO-DMT that avoided the hallucinogenic side effects, demonstrated significant therapeutic improvement on mice with depression.
- Researchers hope their study will result in a better understanding of the complex pharmacology of psychedelics, which could lead to improved therapeutics for many mental health disorders.
- The research was supported by the National Institutes of Health, and was published in the journal Nature.
- Mount Sinai Health System is one of the largest academic medical systems in the New York metro area.
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Bioengineer
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Study led by ORNL informs climate resilience strategies in urban, rural areas
- Scientists at the Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory completed a study of how well vegetation survived extreme heat events in both urban and rural communities across the country in recent years.
- The study informs pathways for climate mitigation, including ways to reduce the effect of urban heat islands.
- The study, published in the journal PNAS Nexus, is the first nationwide accounting of vegetation resilience that takes into account the influence of human-built infrastructure.
- Using machine learning methods, ORNL researchers examined about two decades’ worth of satellite and other data covering 85 large cities and surrounding rural areas.
- The team found that impervious surfaces such as roads and other infrastructure, moisture conditions and type of land cover affect vegetation resilience.
- They also evaluated how vegetation is impacted by the intensity, duration and timing of heat waves.
- The data provide crucial insights into how ecosystems can be guarded against climate change, including pathways to counteract the influence of urban heat islands and to improve the stewardship of natural resource areas.
- The project provides valuable data on the complex interactions between biological and environmental factors at multiple scales over time, down to a 1-kilomenter resolution.
- The information has also been used to fine-tune the land surface component that ORNL stewards for the DOE Energy Exascale Earth System Model, which simulates how the world may change in future climate scenarios.
- The research found a trend of accelerated spring budding and blooming of plants in rural areas as temperatures rise, which may slow as warming continues.
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