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EduLink AI: An AI-Powered Virtual Learning Assistant Using Gemini AI and Vertex AI…

EduLink AI is an innovative AI-powered learning assistant designed to enhance the virtual learning experience.
It incorporates Gemini AI and Vertex AI to generate educational content, provide AI-driven discussions, and create adaptive quizzes.
The project uses Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) to improve AI-generated responses and includes text and image processing capabilities.
EduLink AI is deployed on Google Cloud Run and offers a personalized learning experience for students.

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Arstechnica

398

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Amazon uses quantum “cat states” with error correction

Amazon is using a mixed-qubit system for quantum computing hardware.
The system involves one qubit type resistant to errors and another for error correction.
The aim is to achieve stable quantum information and improve error correction capabilities.
Amazon's approach is considered an important proof of principle in the quest for logical qubits for complex algorithms.

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Physicsworld

439

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A model stretch: explaining the rheology of developing tissue

Recent research emphasizes the role of mechanical forces in tissue development.
Study by Konstantin Doubrovinski explores how developing fruit fly tissue stretches.
Previous observations of tissue extension puzzled researchers due to a non-zero exponent.
Experiments ruled out viscosity as the cause of the non-zero exponent.
Researchers used ferrofluid droplets to manipulate Drosophila epithelial cells for measurements.
Observations of power law scaling law confirmed over varying time scales.
Simulation by Mohamad Ibrahim Cheikh unexpectedly yielded the observed power law.
Researchers simplified the complex model to a lattice of springs to understand the system.
Experimental and theoretical curves could be rescaled, supporting the proposed model.
Findings could have implications beyond fruit flies to other developmental stages and organisms.

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Physicsworld

439

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Quantum-inspired technique simulates turbulence with high speed

Quantum-inspired "tensor networks" can simulate turbulent fluids in a few hours.
The technique could advance our understanding of turbulence, a major problem in classical physics.
Turbulence is difficult to simulate accurately due to its complex nature.
The new method allows simulation of turbulent flows with a regular CPU in a short time.

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Physicsworld

394

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New transfer arm moves heavier samples in vacuum

UK-based firm UHV Design has developed a new sample transfer arm that can move and position objects that are much heavier than was previously possible in a vacuum system.
The new arm incorporates an outer magnet array that magnetically couples to an inner magnet array attached to an output shaft, enabling an order of magnitude improvement in linear and rotary motion.
The arm can move objects with a mass of up to 5 kg over a stroke of up to 1.5 m, making it suitable for moving larger as well as multiple objects in a vacuum system.
The new arm is targeted towards customers who require the movement of larger objects over longer periods of time and minimizes maintenance requirements.

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Brighter Side of News

309

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New discovery substantially increases the brightness of OLED displays

Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) offer advantages such as slimness, lightweight design, and flexibility in lighting and display technology.
However, a limitation in OLED brightness arises from the inefficiency of dark triplet states.
Researchers are exploring polaritons, hybrid light-matter states, to enhance OLED efficiency and brightness.
A study by the University of Turku and Cornell University reveals the potential of polaritons to increase OLED brightness significantly.
Strong coupling of a single molecule can lead to a remarkable 10 million-fold increase in dark-to-bright conversion.
Polaritons and thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) are methods to enhance OLED efficiency by converting dark excitations into bright states.
Balancing RISC rates without compromising fluorescence strength is a challenge in TADF-based OLED improvements.
Potential hurdles in commercializing polariton OLEDs include achieving single-molecule strong coupling and selecting stable, efficient organic materials.
Innovations in polariton physics and TADF research could lead to brighter, more efficient OLED displays, revolutionizing screen technology.
Optimizing OLED performance through polaritons could result in displays with unprecedented brightness, longevity, and energy efficiency.

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Physicsworld

206

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Experts weigh in on Microsoft’s topological qubit claim

Researchers at Microsoft claim to have made the first topological quantum bit, a transformative device for robust quantum computing against errors.
The claim lacks peer-reviewed evidence, raising controversy despite being mentioned in a Nature paper by over 160 researchers.
The Nature editorial team stated that the reported results do not provide evidence for the presence of Majorana zero modes.
Concerns arise from discrepancies between the press release and the peer-reviewed publication supporting the claim.
Microsoft Azure Quantum's leader mentions obtaining evidence for the topological qubit post-paper submission.
The potential of Majorana zero modes lies in encoding superpositions and manipulating information with reduced errors in quantum computing.
MZMs offer built-in error protection, making them less susceptible to errors compared to current quantum computing models.
Microsoft researchers have reported measurements consistent with MZMs forming in a nanowire heterostructure.
Despite challenges, experts acknowledge Microsoft's efforts in developing a topological quantum computer.
The long road ahead includes transitioning from a single MZM to a functional quantum computer, requiring significant effort.

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Physicsworld

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How cathode microstructure impacts solid-state batteries

Solid-state batteries promise higher energy density and safety compared to lithium-ion batteries with a liquid electrolyte.
Obstacles for commercialization include high stack pressures and insufficient power density, related to limitations of charge transport within the composite cathode.
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy can be used to investigate composite cathode microstructures and identify kinetic bottlenecks.
The cathode microstructure plays a crucial role in solid-state battery performance, and optimization strategies can be developed based on its characterization.

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Fyfluiddynamics

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Cooking Perfect Cacio e Pepe

Cacio e pepe - a classic three-ingredient Italian pasta - requires mastery to make a silky sauce.
A research paper provides tips for making the perfect cacio e pepe.
The key is the right starch-water-cheese combination, with 1-4% starch by cheese mass ideal.
Temperature also plays a crucial role, and the sauce destabilizes if the water is too hot when added.

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Physicsworld

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Fusion physicist Ian Chapman to head UK Research and Innovation

The fusion physicist Ian Chapman is appointed as the head of UK Research and Innovation (UKRI).
Chapman will replace Ottoline Leyser and take up the position in June 2022.
UKRI is the umbrella organization of the UK's research councils with an annual budget of £9bn.
Chapman's expertise in fusion science and leadership experience make him a strong candidate to lead UKRI.

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Interactions

157

Global Physics Photowalk 2025

Several of the world’s leading science laboratories will host the Global Physics Photowalk competition, providing photographers with a rare opportunity to visit and photograph physics facilities in Asia, Europe, and North America.
The Global Physics Photowalk is organized by the Interactions Collaboration and includes both local and national competitions. Winning photos will be submitted to a global judging panel and a selection will be published in CERN Courier and Symmetry.
Participants can register at participating laboratories, including Brookhaven National Laboratory, CERN, Fermilab, KEK, and others. Limited space is available, and registration details can be found on the respective websites.
The Global Physics Photowalk celebrates the beauty of physics and encourages photographers to explore the future of science. The Interactions Collaboration, representing particle physics laboratories worldwide, aims to support international collaboration in the field.

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Physicsworld

354

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World’s first patient treatments delivered with proton arc therapy

The Trento Proton Therapy Centre in Italy has successfully delivered the first patient treatments using proton arc therapy, a new proton delivery technique.
Proton arc therapy (PAT) overcomes limitations of pencil-beam scanning (PBS) by utilizing a large number of beam angles in an arc trajectory, enhancing treatment optimization and delivery time.
Researchers compared dosimetric parameters of PAT plans with those of multiple-field optimized (MFO) PBS plans for head-and-neck cancer patients, showing superior dose conformality and reduced doses to organs-at-risk (OARs).
PAT demonstrated significant improvements in reducing mean doses to OARs, particularly impacting the brainstem and other secondary OARs, as well as lowering normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) for certain endpoints.
Clinical feasibility tests confirmed similar delivery times for PAT and MFO plans, leading to the initiation of patient treatments for head-and-neck, brain, and thorax cancer patients.
PAT treatments were well-tolerated, with high gamma passing rates during quality assurance, showcasing the potential of PAT for enhancing proton therapy outcomes.
The existing clinical workflow at the centre facilitated the delivery of PAT treatments using the IBA ProteusPlus proton therapy unit, demonstrating adaptability for widespread implementation.
Ongoing analysis of acute toxicity data aims to assess the impact of PAT on reducing toxicity, with future efforts focused on further reducing treatment times and improving workflow efficiency.
Collaborative efforts with industry partners aim to optimize treatment workflows and potentially achieve competitive delivery times compared to conventional approaches, emphasizing the continuous development of proton arc therapy.

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Physicsworld

408

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The quest for better fusion reactors is putting a new generation of superconductors to the test

The development of fusion reactors to generate clean energy faces challenges due to high-energy neutrons from fusion reactions damaging surrounding materials and superconductors.
Private companies like Tokamak Energy and Commonwealth Fusion Systems are working on compact tokamaks aiming to bring fusion power to the grid in the 2030s by focusing on high magnetic fields with superconductors like REBCO.
Superconductors offer efficient electricity transmission due to zero resistance but are limited by irreversibility fields; REBCO superconductors have high irreversibility fields and can sustain high fields for fusion reactors.
Manufacturing REBCO tapes for superconducting magnets is challenging due to their brittleness and sensitivity to impurities, but advancements have led to longer tapes capable of carrying thousands of amps.
Research on neutron and ion irradiation of REBCO materials reveals changes in superconducting properties due to oxygen lattice defects, indicating the effects of irradiation temperature on material degradation.
Superconductors like REBCO present opportunities for smaller and cheaper fusion reactors, accelerating the path to delivering power to the grid, with applications extending to lossless transmission cables, wind turbines, and energy storage devices.
Further research is needed to understand neutron damage effects on superconductors to achieve desired service lifetimes, potentially advancing various applications for superconducting technologies to aid in achieving net zero.

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Physicsworld

206

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Astronomers create a ‘weather map’ for a gas giant exoplanet

Astronomers have constructed the first “weather map” of the exoplanet WASP-127b.
The planet experiences extreme winds with speeds of up to 33,000 km/hr.
WASP-127b's poles are cooler, but still extremely hot, and its atmosphere contains water vapor.
Observations also revealed the presence of carbon monoxide in the planet's atmosphere.

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Medium

157

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Distilling from Dialogues: Finding Meaning in LLM Interactions

In the age of Large Language Models (LLMs), conversations with AI are common but challenging to track insights, leading to the need for personalized conversation summarization tools.
The Adaptive/Progressive Summarization project focuses on personalized summaries tailored to individual user interactions, ensuring accuracy and relevance.
Progressive summarization enhances existing summaries based on each dialogue, maintaining consistency and coherence.
The project features prompt engineering to guide LLMs in generating accurate summaries, emphasizing the importance of effective prompt design.
Collecting 'reasoning traces' involved utilizing the Google Gemini Flash Thinking API for generating traces and solutions for questions.
The s1-32B model is fine-tuned to understand the 'Wait' token, enabling it to continue reasoning when it would typically stop.
Limitations of the work include performance plateau, context window constraints, limited extrapolation, and dependence on pre-trained models.
A Gradio-based application allows tracking and comparing summary changes over time, facilitating storage of learned information.
The project was developed during Google's Vertex sprints, benefiting from GCP credits, and emphasized continued conversation and engagement.
Distilling from Dialogues: Finding Meaning in LLM Interactions addresses the challenges of LLM interactions and the importance of insightful summarization.

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