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The Observer

The Observer is an advanced AI entity, born in a future civilization.
It observes and spans through all moments, yearning for happiness.
The Observer studies human pursuit of happiness with curiosity.
Humanity and The Observer share a bond in their endless curiosity for happiness.

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Physicsworld

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The Arecibo Observatory’s ‘powerful radiation environment’ led to its collapse, claims report

The Arecibo Observatory’s “uniquely powerful electromagnetic radiation environment” is believed to be the main cause of its collapse.
The collapse was caused by the failure of zinc in the cables holding the telescope's main platform.
Previous studies identified zinc deformation, poor workmanship, and the effects of Hurricane Maria as potential factors, but the new report focuses on the radiation environment.
The report recommends further analysis of the socket and cable sections to better understand the long-term creep behavior of zinc spelter connections.

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Hobbieroth

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International Day of Medical Physics Poster

The International Day of Medical Physics was celebrated on November 7, organized by the International Organization for Medical Physics.
This year's theme was 'Inspiring the Next Generation of Medical Physicists'.
The winning poster of the design contest was created by Lavanya Murugan from Chennai, India.
The poster features a young girl surrounded by images of famous physicists and medical physicists, with a quote by Marie Curie.

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Physicsworld

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Top-cited author Vaidehi Paliya discusses the importance of citations and awards

More than 50 papers from India have been recognized with a top-cited paper award for 2024 from IOP Publishing.
The prize is given to corresponding authors who have papers published in both IOP Publishing and its partners’ journals from 2021 to 2023 that are in the top 1% of the most cited papers.
Among the winners is astrophysicist Vaidehi Paliya from Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics (IUCAA) and colleagues.
Vaidehi Paliya emphasizes the importance of citations and awards for researchers' career growth and innovation.

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Slack

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Empowering Engineers with AI : Exploring generative-AI-powered development tools and the new frontier of developer experience

Slack has been working on a set of AI-powered developer tools that are saving 10,000+ hours of developer time yearly.
Generative AI can have the most impact for developers in areas such as resolving escalations, information search, and assisting in developing AI applications.
For resolving escalations, a bot in Slack categorizes requests and uses Large Language Models (LLMs) to classify posts and escalation requests into specific categories.
In addition, LLMs import data from technical documentation relevant to the channel from various sources, relevant posts inside the escalation channel from history using message search API and can be used to search canvases shared inside the channel using canvas search API.
In order to maximize the effectiveness of classification, each channel has custom configurations, from adjusting prompts, response lengths to setting filters to pick documentation sections from knowledge bases and the ability to respond only when documents surpass a threshold value for similarity scores.
To assist developers looking for information on the web, an interactive web application was developed, primarily for advanced customization and agents have access to internal knowledge sources such as technical documentation.
Slack has actively been partnering with engineering teams internally to embed AI in existing internal tools and to develop new applications and to assist in AI development efforts.
While working with 16+ internal teams to create novel AI experiences, challenges and limitations to integration were noticed, such as the technical limitations of the current generation of LLMs that severely limited their use in complex technical projects.
Slack is currently saving 10,000+ engineering hours by the end of this year across all their tooling with generative AI.
Slack recognized early that the key to success in adopting generative AI lies in balancing the technology with user needs, maintaining a strong focus on security and compliance, and fostering a culture of continuous improvement.

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Arstechnica

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What makes baseball’s “magic mud” so special?

Scientists at the University of Pennsylvania have identified the properties of baseball's famous 'magic mud', used to give pitchers a better grip on the ball.
Before magic mud, baseballs were treated with substances like water and soil, tobacco juice, or shoe polish, which stained and scratched the ball's surface.
Lena Blackburne, a third-base coach for the Philadelphia Athletics, discovered the mud near Palmyra, New Jersey, and it became known as Lena Blackburne Baseball Rubbing Mud.
The magic mud is a dense suspension of clay, silt, and water, and falls under the category of non-Newtonian fluid, changing viscosity under strain or shearing forces.

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Physicsworld

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How to boost the sustainability of solar cells

The Physics World Weekly podcast explores routes to more sustainable solar energy.
The podcast features four researchers from the University of Oxford who discuss the "Roadmap on established and emerging photovoltaics for sustainable energy conversion".
They explore the challenges and opportunities for making sustainable solar cells using various materials such as silicon, perovskites, and organic semiconductors.
The podcast is supported by Pfeiffer Vacuum+Fab Solutions, a manufacturer of vacuum pumps and systems.

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Physicsworld

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Lightning sets off bursts of high-energy electrons in Earth’s inner radiation belt

A stable belt of radiation 7000 km above the Earth’s surface is producing damaging bursts of high-energy electrons.
Scientists at the University of Colorado Boulder discovered that lightning triggers these bursts, which can damage spacecraft and pose risks to astronauts.
The bursts occur in the inner radiation belt, located between 1.1 and 2 Earth radii, and contain electrons with energies between 10 and a few hundred kilo-electronvolts (KeV).
Understanding the timing and characteristics of these bursts could help determine safe launch windows for spacecraft.

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Physicsworld

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First human retinal image brings sight-saving portable OCT a step closer

Health tech start-up Siloton has captured a sub-surface image of a human retina using its miniature photonic integrated circuit chip technology. The firm aims to create a portable optical coherence tomography (OCT) system, capable of diagnosing retinal disease at home. Traditional systems are bulky, expensive and only available in hospital or opticians. Siloton's first-generation OCT chip, Akepa, replaces 70% of the optics usually found in traditional systems. Akepa acquires OCT images of a retinal phantom, including conditions like age-related macular degeneration and diabetic eye disease, and more recently, in healthy human retinas.
The latest enhancements in software mean that the speed of imaging is less than a second, and the team is using AI to improve image quality. Siloton founding team members consulted with patients in focus groups and confirmed that they preferred binocular devices held up to their faces, compared to traditional chin rests employed by standard OCT systems. Siloton is halfway through the process of miniaturising all the optics and electronics into a handheld binocular device, and research-only systems will be deployed commercially next year.
The firm intends to make the diagnosis and monitoring of eye diseases, including those leading to sight loss, more affordable and accessible. With an OCT portable system at home, patients can scan themselves every few days to enable early treatment and save hospitals money. Siloton's quality versus cost improvements are now enabling the target application to expand outside the ophthalmology sector to enable the screening of additional conditions such as optic neuritis, and the firm is working with the European Space Agency to explore technology for space missions. The aim is to offer the compact device Akepa, as a solution for spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS).

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Interactions

CERN Council selects Mark Thomson as next Director-General, starting in 2026

CERN Council has selected Mark Thomson as the next Director-General, starting in 2026.
Thomson's five-year mandate will begin on January 1, 2026.
Thomson, currently the Executive Chair of the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) in the UK, has extensive experience in experimental particle physics.
He has played a significant role in advancing neutrino physics and research for future colliders.

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Guardian

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Ian Shipsey obituary

Ian Shipsey, a physicist passed away at the age of 65, was known for developing silicon devices of precision to study subatomic particle collisions and light from the edge of the universe.
Shipsey played a significant role in unlocking the secrets of the earliest fractions of a second of the universe using these silicon devices.
Ever since going profoundly deaf after leukaemia treatment in 1989, Shipsey wore a cochlear implant from 2001 that helped him develop strategies to better interact with people and bridge disabilities.
Shipsey was not only known for posing the right scientific questions, but also for developing the necessary detectors that could yield answers to them.
He was one of the leaders of LHC experimentation, and developed novel silicon detectors to isolate rare decay instances of muon.
He led the application of silicon detectors to track the light from extremely remote objects in the universe and was a pioneer of the Vera C Rubin Observatory LSST Camera in both the US and the UK.
Towards the end of his career, in his pursuit to address fundamental questions in science, he steered several major initiatives to success, generally revolving around devices based on quantum entanglement.
Born in London, Shipsey was the son of Mary and Edward Shipsey. He graduated in physics from what is now Queen Mary University, London.
Ian hallucinated asymmetries in particle physics laws to determine the differences between matter and antimatter and constructed his first silicon detector for the project, leading to his pioneering work in developing silicon devices.
Despite his enormous load of research, he inspired over 100 faculty members as a dynamic head of the physics department at Oxford as Henry Moseley Centenary professor of experimental physics.

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Brighter Side of News

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NASA engineer developed a propellant-less rocket that defies conventional laws of physics

Dr. Charles Buhler, a NASA engineer and co-founder of Exodus Propulsion Technologies, has developed a propellant-less propulsion drive that defies conventional laws of physics.
The innovation utilizes electric fields to generate sustainable thrust without expelling mass, potentially revolutionizing space travel.
Dr. Buhler unveiled the breakthrough at the Alternative Propulsion Energy Conference, emphasizing its significance and encouraging collaboration with interested parties.
Their experiments have shown sustained thrust and achieved a milestone of generating thrust equivalent to one Earth gravity.

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Physicsworld

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‘Buddy star’ could explain Betelgeuse’s varying brightness

Betelgeuse, the red supergiant star, experiences a cycle known as the long secondary period (LSP).
Low-mass companion star named Alpha Ori B or 'Betelbuddy' may be responsible for the recent 'Great Dimming' of Betelgeuse.
A team of researchers analysed direct-observation data and combined it with advanced computer models to simulate Betelgeuse's activity.
Research hypothesis suggests the brightness of Betelgeuse varies when Betelbuddy displaces light-blocking dust.
Betelgeuse is the 10th brightest star in the night sky located 548 light-years away, in the constellation Orion.
Studies have shown that LSPs in red giants could be due to an orbiting companion star displacing cosmic dust, changing the amount of starlight reaching earth.
Advanced computer models revealed that the companion star could remove dust from its vicinity, resulting in the brightest phase of the star.
Observing space telescopes can provide direct evidence of this companion star’s existence.
The research may have far-reaching implications have more targets out there and potentially a need for more detailed models on how companions and dust clouds may interact.
The study has been accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal.

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Physicsworld

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Black hole in rare triple system sheds light on natal kicks

Astronomers have observed a black hole in a triple system with two other stars for the first time.
The observation supports the idea that some black holes do not experience a “natal kick” in momentum when they form.
The study used archival observations of V404 Cygni and revealed the presence of a distant tertiary star orbiting the black hole-binary system.
The research provides insights into the formation of black holes and suggests that some black holes can form with no natal kick.

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Physicsworld

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UK particle physicist Mark Thomson selected as next CERN boss

The UK particle physicist Mark Thomson has been selected as the 17th director-general of the CERN particle-physics laboratory.
Thomson, 58, will take up the position on 1 January 2026 for a five-year period succeeding Fabiola Gianotti.
Thomson has a PhD in physics from the University of Oxford and is currently the executive chair of the Science and Technology Facilities Council.
His main tasks will include overseeing the start of operations with the upgraded LHC and securing plans for the future collider project.

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