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Physicsworld

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Bilayer optical lattices could unravel the secret of high-temperature superconductivity

A proposed experiment involving trapping atoms on a two-layered laser grid may contribute to understanding high-temperature superconductivity.
Optical lattices, created using two counter-propagating laser beams, allow the study of many-body quantum systems.
The experiment aims to mimic real crystalline materials and understand the long-range correlations responsible for superconductivity.
The proposed protocol involves trapping fermionic atoms in a two-layered lattice to form spin-correlations and study superconducting behavior.

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COSMOS

301

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New quantum entanglement type found in nanoscale structures

Physicists have discovered a new type of quantum entanglement in nanoscale structures.
For the first time, entanglement of the 'total angular momentum' of light particles has been observed.
The discovery has potential implications for next-generation quantum communication and computing components.
This new type of entanglement could pave the way for on-chip quantum information processing.

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Physicsworld

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The quantum Zeno effect: how the ‘measurement problem’ went from philosophers’ paradox to physicists’ toolbox

The quantum Zeno effect is a phenomenon in quantum mechanics where repeated measurements freeze an unstable quantum system in a particular state rather than allowing it to evolve naturally.
Researchers have observed the quantum Zeno effect in various quantum systems, revealing the impact of measurement on quantum behavior.
The quantum Zeno effect has no classical analogue, highlighting the unique nature of quantum systems.
Physicists are now leveraging the quantum Zeno effect to manage noise in quantum computers and engineer quantum states for specific applications.
By using sequences of measurements, physicists can manipulate quantum systems to stay in desired states and prevent decoherence caused by environmental noise.
Quantum state engineering involves restricting the state-space of quantum systems to enable the creation of specific quantum states for various uses.
The quantum Zeno effect has been instrumental in controlling electron dynamics in Rydberg atoms, leading to the generation of unique quantum states.
Measurement in the context of the quantum Zeno effect can involve simple actions like shining a laser, demonstrating the broad range of interactions that can induce the effect.
Recent research has explored not only the quantum Zeno effect but also its counterpart, the quantum anti-Zeno effect, which accelerates quantum transitions and has applications in quantum chemistry.
This ongoing research into the quantum Zeno effect and related phenomena showcases the continuous exploration of quantum mechanics and its practical applications.

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Physicsworld

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Intercalation-based desalination and carbon capture for water and climate sustainability

Electrochemical technology presents low-energy mitigation pathways for desalination and carbon capture to address water scarcity and global warming.
The use of cation intercalation materials in Faradaic deionization (FDI) enables desalination with solid-state concentration swings, surpassing the limits of capacitive deionization.
Innovative embedded, micro-interdigitated flow fields have been developed to facilitate seawater-level desalination using Prussian blue analogs, expanding the applications to fuel cells and flow-based electrochemical devices.
The use of symmetric FDI architectures with proton intercalation materials also enables the low-energy direct-air capture of carbon dioxide by reversibly shifting pH within aqueous electrolyte.

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Medium

153

Sortia and the Hidden Order in Mathematics

Prime numbers reveal an underlying order that is often mistaken for randomness, indicating a subtle logic not yet fully understood.
The golden ratio and imaginary numbers, considered abstract inventions, have real-world applications and may be indicative of a hidden structure behind our logic.
Fractals showcase recursive patterns and self-similarity, suggesting that complexity can arise from a sorting mechanism rather than randomness.
Sortia is proposed as a meta-logic that underlies various phenomena in mathematics, offering a deeper level of organization and shaping the possibilities of equations.

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COSMOS

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Neutrino measurement shows they are million times smaller than electrons

Physicists in Germany have measured the mass of neutrinos, performing the most accurate measurement to date.
Neutrinos, a fundamental particle, are believed to be massless according to the standard model of particle physics.
The measurement suggests that neutrinos have a mass that is more than a million times smaller than electrons.
This finding could provide insights into new areas of physics and beyond, surpassing the limitations of the standard model.

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Medium

428

Math that you cannot skip, if you want to study Physics

Physics is a subject that heavily relies on mathematics and equations.
Mathematical relations between dependent and independent variables are key in studying physics.
The lack of emphasis on basic math skills in the educational syllabus is a challenge for physics students.
Understanding essential mathematical concepts is crucial for success in physics.

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Physicsworld

401

Image Credit: Physicsworld

Photon collisions in dying stars could create neutrons for heavy elements

Researchers at Los Alamos National Laboratory propose a model explaining the creation of heavy elements in collapsing stars.
The model suggests that energetic photons from newly forming black holes or neutron stars transmute protons into neutrons in ejected stellar material.
This provides ideal conditions for the rapid neutron-capture process to occur, leading to the formation of heavy elements.
The proposed model could also help explain astrophysical phenomena such as kilonova explosions and the chemical makeup of deep-sea deposits on Earth.

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Knowridge

139

Image Credit: Knowridge

Scientists discover new kind of quantum entanglement

Scientists from the Technion – Israel Institute of Technology have discovered a new type of quantum entanglement involving the total angular momentum of photons.
This breakthrough could potentially lead to the development of smaller and more powerful quantum devices, such as quantum computers and communication systems.
Until now, scientists believed a photon's angular momentum consisted of separate properties, but this research showed that in nanoscale systems, the properties combine into one: total angular momentum.
This significant discovery opens up new possibilities for manipulating light and enhancing the capabilities of quantum technologies.

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Github

225

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Introducing sub-issues: Enhancing issue management on GitHub

Sub-issues have been introduced on GitHub to facilitate complex issue management scenarios.
Sub-issues allow breaking down larger issues into smaller tasks, improving tracking and dependency management.
The feature aims to enhance organization and focus within teams, aiding in tracking progress and defining work.
Designing sub-issues involved creating a hierarchical structure for tasks, updating data models, and rendering logic.
Sub-issues are stored in a table that maintains parent-child relationships to support nested issues.
GraphQL endpoints were utilized to expose sub-issues, facilitating efficient data fetching and display.
Creating, editing, and managing sub-issues was emphasized for a seamless user experience, with a focus on accessibility.
Usage of sub-issues within GitHub teams improved project management by enhancing visibility and control over tasks.
Feedback from beta testers was instrumental in refining the feature, leading to enhancements like additional metadata display.
The call to action encourages users to try sub-issues for task breakdown and requests feedback to further enhance the feature.

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COSMOS

221

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WATCH: Stunned scientists see atoms move during catalysis

Scientists have observed a catalytic reaction at the atomic scale in real time.
Videos show individual atoms moving and shaking during the reaction.
The observations were made using single-molecule atomic-resolution time-resolved electron microscopy (SMART-EM).
The study provides insights to help make chemical processes more efficient and environmentally friendly.

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Arstechnica

Image Credit: Arstechnica

Quantum hardware may be a good match for AI

Concerns about AI's energy use have led to exploration of ways to reduce power requirements.
Quantum hardware is being investigated as a potential solution to improve AI energy efficiency.
Although current quantum hardware is too error-prone for complex AI models, progress is being made.
Researchers are working on getting classical image data into quantum processors for basic AI image classification.

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Medium

234

Image Credit: Medium

Advancing AI research: industry & academia collaborations

Empowering AI and academia through research internships, fellowships, and funding for innovation.
Advancing AI in financial services requires a combination of industry expertise and academic ingenuity.
Capital One fosters AI research collaborations with universities to tackle challenges in machine learning and responsible AI.
Key engagement paths include Academic Centers of Excellence, faculty collaborations, and internship programs.
Academic Centers of Excellence are university research centers focusing on shared AI research themes.
Faculty collaborations involve partnering with individual experts across multiple universities.
Strategic internship programs like ARIP and Tech Incubator Internship connect with future AI talent through hands-on projects.
Capital One establishes Academic Centers of Excellence for deep research collaboration with universities.
The company collaborates with faculty members like Professor Andrew Gordon Wilson from NYU on efficient linear layers for neural networks.
Internship programs like ARIP for PhD students and Tech Incubator for undergraduates cultivate the next generation of AI talent.

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Physicsworld

275

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Researchers claim Trump administration is conducting ‘a wholesale assault on science’

More than 1900 members of the US National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine have signed an open letter condemning the policies introduced by Donald Trump.
The Trump administration is seeking to revoke the visas of foreign students, threatening to withdraw grants and demanding control over academic syllabi.
The administration is also opposing the use of diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) programs in universities.
US universities, including Ivy League schools, are facing funding and research grant cuts, potentially leading to a brain drain of talented individuals.

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Physicsworld

420

Image Credit: Physicsworld

Ultrashort electron beam sets new power record

Researchers at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory in the US have produced the world’s most powerful ultrashort electron beam, concentrating petawatt-level peak powers into femtosecond-long pulses at an energy of 10 GeV and a current of around 0.1 MA.
The ultra-compressed beam can be used to study materials science, quantum physics, and astrophysics phenomena that were previously inaccessible.
The researchers achieved the compressed beam by shaping the electron bunch's profile with a laser and then boosting its energy in downstream accelerating cavities, followed by magnetic compression.
The team plans to increase the beam's current further using a different plasma-based compression technique in the near future.

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