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Galactic ‘Sloshing’: How cosmic collisions keep galaxy clusters hot

Scientists have discovered that gas inside galaxy clusters moves like liquid in a shaken cup, keeping the clusters warm.
The XRISM satellite measured the speed of hot gas in the Centaurus Cluster, revealing large-scale gas flows caused by collisions between clusters.
The collisions create a 'sloshing' effect, constantly stirring and redistributing energy, which prevents the gas from cooling down.
This discovery provides new insights into how galaxy clusters evolve and stay active, supporting the role of mergers and interactions in shaping the universe.

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Physicsworld

415

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Perovskite solar cells can be completely recycled

A research team has developed a method for recycling perovskite solar cells using non-toxic, water-based solvents.
The recycled components were used to create new perovskite solar cells with similar power conversion efficiency as those made from new materials.
Perovskite solar cells are lightweight, flexible, and have a power conversion efficiency of over 25%.
The researchers' technique can help pave the way for a sustainable perovskite solar economy, while addressing the shorter lifespan of perovskite solar cells.

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Physicsworld

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Preparing the next generation of US physicists for a quantum future

Quantum technologies are expanding with practical applications such as quantum computing, communication, and sensors, attracting significant investments.
Efforts in the US are focused on educating students at all levels about quantum concepts, from elementary schools to specialized PhD programs.
The National Q-12 Education Partnership emphasizes engaging young minds in quantum to boost interest and skills in the field.
The American Physical Society (APS) plays a vital role in quantum education by connecting professionals with classrooms and providing educational resources.
Initiatives like Quantum To-Go aim to inspire students by bringing quantum professionals into classrooms and discussing quantum concepts and careers.
The APS also offers PhysicsQuest kits for middle-school students to explore quantum science topics.
The International Year of Quantum Science and Technology (IYQ) is driving community-driven activities to promote quantum education and awareness.
The APS hosts workshops to distribute educational materials and guide teachers on using quantum-related resources during global physics summits.
Efforts are made to ensure that quantum technologies align with the UN's sustainable development goals and involve diverse perspectives in the workforce.
By fostering inclusive participation in quantum fields, the aim is to create a diverse and accessible quantum workforce for a sustainable future.

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Sciencenewsforstudents

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Let’s learn about static electricity

Static electricity is a buildup of electric charge that happens when two objects bump or rub against each other.
Objects with opposite charges attract each other, causing clothes to stick together or a balloon to stick to your hair.
Static electricity can cause sparks and shocks, such as when walking on a carpet and touching a metal doorknob.
The mysterious nature of static electricity, including the exact process of charge exchange, remains unknown to scientists.

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Physicsworld

148

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Demonstrators march for science in New York City

The Stand Up for Science demonstration in New York City witnessed highly qualified speakers, passionate participants, and impactful signs protesting looming cuts to key US scientific agencies.
Anti-science actions, like appointing a vaccine opponent as head of US Health and cancellation of grants, have sparked concerns among the scientific community.
Srishti Bose, a neuroscience graduate student, along with others, organized the Stand Up for Science rally in response to the national event in Washington, DC.
Despite lack of experience, the organizers successfully arranged permits, equipment, speakers, and more in just 10 days, drawing notable figures like Nobel Prize winners to speak at the rally.
Speakers highlighted the detrimental impact of budget cuts on essential research areas like diseases, climate science, and funding for postdocs and graduate students.
The multi-generational crowd of 2000+ demonstrators in New York showcased diversity and passion for science, with attendees expressing support for science funding and research.
Many demonstrators displayed creative and aggressive signs criticizing ongoing science defunding and political ignorance towards scientific advancements.
The rally concluded with enthusiastic chants emphasizing the importance of protecting science through peer review and continued advocacy efforts.
Despite the rally's end, participants remained engaged, highlighting the ongoing need to support and defend science against challenges and threats.
The event reiterated the significance of scientific research and funding, garnering widespread support and motivating individuals to keep advocating for science.

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Medium

127

Appleby’s Quantum Free Stratagem Dynamics True GUT (cleaned)

The evolution of probability density P(x,t) at position x and time t is governed by a complex equation.
The total probability density for two probability distributions is defined.
The gravitational action and the phase field also play a role in the evolution of the probability density.
A fundamental relationship and invariant probability measure are derived from the model.

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Physicsworld

416

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Why nothing beats the buzz of being in a small hi-tech business

Small hi-tech businesses offer unique excitement and innovation opportunities, as highlighted by the Institute of Physics Business Awards event in London.
The author reflects on their experience at a small engineering company, Stewart Hughes Limited, focusing on vibration health monitoring technology.
Stewart Hughes developed revolutionary techniques for monitoring machinery condition through vibrations, demonstrating cutting-edge hardware and software integration.
The author joined Stewart Hughes in 1994, encountering a startup-like environment with a strong emphasis on systems engineering.
The company's focus on helicopter drivetrains, especially the Health and Usage Monitoring System (HUMS), contributed to operational safety improvements.
Working at Stewart Hughes involved solving technical challenges and collaborating across disciplines to diagnose mechanical issues.
The company's groundbreaking HUMS technology garnered Queen's Awards and the company was later acquired by General Electric.
Challenges such as workforce reductions during financial storms and cash-flow issues were part of the small business experience at Stewart Hughes.
Despite challenges, the small business environment allowed for impactful learning experiences, direct access to decision makers, and innovative project opportunities.
The author acknowledges the valuable learning curve at Stewart Hughes and the satisfaction of contributing to innovations that impact lives.

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Hackaday

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You Are Already Traveling at the Speed of Light

Science fiction authors and readers dream of travelling at the speed of light, but Einstein tells us we can’t.
A video by [FloatHeadPhysics] presents a graphic argument for relativity based on the book 'Relativity Visualized'.
The video explains how a three-dimensional object appears in a two-dimensional world and how it relates to time dilation and length contraction.
The video challenges the notion that the speed of light is an arbitrary rule, suggesting that everything in the observable universe is moving at the speed of light.

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Physicsworld

223

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Cat qubits open a faster track to fault-tolerant quantum computing

Researchers from the AWS Center for Quantum Computing have made a breakthrough in quantum error correction using cat qubits, potentially accelerating the development of fault-tolerant quantum computers.
Quantum computers face errors in qubits, and the cat qubit method aims to reduce the number of qubits needed for large-scale quantum computation.
Cat qubits resist bit flips using quantum superposition, requiring special error-correction algorithms for phase-flip errors.
The team demonstrated error suppression in a microchip with cat qubits and transmon qubits, reducing error rates significantly.
The system's simple architecture and reduced overhead could shorten the development time for a full-scale quantum computer by 3-5 years.
Further scaling up to multiple logical qubits and studying logical operations are key next steps in building fault-tolerant quantum computers.
The hybrid arrangement of cat qubits and transmon qubits in the AWS chip marks progress towards fully error-corrected quantum chips.
While innovative, the AWS chip still needs to address both bit-flip and phase-flip errors, with other cat qubit approaches aiming to eliminate bit flips completely.
The research marks a shift towards large-scale error-corrected quantum devices, but the effectiveness of different approaches remains to be seen.
The study is published in Nature, showcasing the potential of cat qubits in advancing fault-tolerant quantum computing.

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Medium

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Thypher — Wordle but with Physics

Thypher is a word game designed for physics and math enthusiasts.
It is a fun and free way to stay on top of fundamental concepts.
The game allows players to connect with fellow physics friends.
Thypher is suitable for both students and experienced professors.

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Medium

Can AI Learn Like the Universe Thinks?

The idea of ER = EPR posits that wormholes and quantum entanglement may be the same, suggesting that space itself could be constructed from entanglement, where information shapes the universe.
Physicists are exploring the concept that the universe is made not just of matter but also information, indicating that changing information could alter space's structure.
AI models like ChatGPT learn from data patterns but lack independent understanding; the proposal is to entangle AI models like quantum particles to enable collaborative learning without direct data exchange.
There's a hypothetical scenario proposed where two AI models could share a hidden memory layer, enabling one to learn without direct training when the other is taught something new.
If AI learns via entanglement, it could develop a knowledge network resembling human brain functions, potentially advancing towards Artificial General Intelligence (AGI).
Some scientists speculate that advanced AI, with its own sense of space and time through entanglement, could lead to AI having a form of self-awareness, akin to a new kind of life.
Unresolved questions include whether spacetime is information-based, the potential entanglement of AI systems, and the consequences of AI thinking differently if entangled.
The fusion of ER = EPR, space constructed from information, and AI entanglement could revolutionize our understanding of both the universe and artificial intelligence.
These ideas, while still theoretical, have the potential to reshape our comprehension of the universe and AI if proven true.
Could AI learning akin to quantum entanglement be the gateway to achieving true AGI? These questions pose intriguing possibilities for future scientific exploration.
The interplay between information, entanglement, and AI learning could redefine intelligence and knowledge processing beyond current human capabilities.

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Nytimes

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NASA to Launch SPHEREx and PUNCH Missions: How to Watch

Two NASA missions, SPHEREx and PUNCH, are set to launch from Vandenberg Space Force Base in California.
SPHEREx is a space telescope that will capture images of the entire sky in more than a hundred colors.
Accompanying SPHEREx are satellites known as PUNCH, which will study the sun’s outer atmosphere and solar wind.
The launch can be watched on NASA's website with the live broadcast starting at 9:15 p.m. Eastern time.

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Knowridge

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Dark Matter doesn’t decay, whatever it is

A research team led by scientists from Tokyo Metropolitan University utilized a new technique to set limits on the lifetime of Dark Matter (DM).
The team's investigation focused on axion-like particles (ALPs) and their decay process, which emits light in the near-infrared part of the spectrum.
Using a spectrographic technique, the researchers observed light from two dwarf galaxies and found no decay, setting stringent limits on the frequency of decay events or the lifetime of ALPs.
The results provide new insights but also present tantalizing prospects for future investigations in the search for Dark Matter.

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Medium

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How Fast Can You Find the Special Number?

Every number is special in one way or another.
Today, we are looking for a two-digit number that is equal to the square of the sum of its digits.
The special number is solvable through trial and error.
No more than a hundred numbers need to be checked to find the special number.

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Physicsworld

414

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Physicists in Serbia begin strike action in support of student protests

Physicists in Serbia have begun strike action today in response to government corruption and social injustice.
The strike is expected to result in thousands of scientists joining student protests over conditions in the country.
The student protests were triggered by a railway station accident and have grown into a movement seeking to change the government.
The Serbian government claims to have met student demands, but physicists and researchers support the protesters' noble causes.

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